《2019年高中英语 module 5 ethnic culture section ⅲ grammar — 过去分词作状语 短语动词教案（含解析）外研版选修7》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2019年高中英语 module 5 ethnic culture section ⅲ grammar — 过去分词作状语 短语动词教案（含解析）外研版选修7（10页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Section Grammar 过去分词作状语 短语动词语法图解探究发现Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.Not invited, he became very disappointed.Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.Beaten by the opposite team, we didnt lose heart
2、and encouraged each other.Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.A big fire broke out last night in that village.When he read the book, he came across many new words.我的
3、发现(1)句中，黑体部分均在句中作状语，分别表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随。(2)由句可知，过去分词作状语时，其否定形式通常是在过去分词前加not。(3)句中分词作状语，有自己独立的主语，这叫独立主格结构。(4)句中黑体部分为短语动词。一、过去分词(短语)作状语1过去分词(短语)在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式、让步、结果。2过去分词(短语)在句中作状语表示动作的完成和被动。3过去分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，有些形容词化的过去分词，如surprised, lost, wellknown等，表示主语所处的状态。Lost in the forest, you should
4、first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come.(表示时间)当你在森林里迷路的时候，首先你应该待在你原来的地方，等待救援的到来。The child learns fast, well brought up by his parents.(表示原因)由于受到父母良好的教育，这个孩子学得很快。The teacher stood there, surrounded by many students.(表示伴随)老师站在那里，身边围着很多学生。They went out in such bad weather, caught in
5、 a heavy rain halfway.(表示结果)他们在这么恶劣的天气里出门，结果在半路遇上了大雨。Given more time, we would do it much better.(表示条件)如果再多给点时间，我们就能做得更好。Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.(表示让步)尽管被对方打败了，队员们没有泄气，而是更加努力训练。即时演练1(1)句型转换Because she was born in a poor family, Nadia ha
6、d only two years of schooling.Born in a poor family, Nadia had only two years of schooling. Though he is encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties. Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties. The patient got off the
7、 bed, supported by the nurse. The patient was supported by the nurse and got off the bed. (2)完成句子(2016北京高考改编)Ordered over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，现在有望随时到货。Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Watered more, these cabbages could hav
8、e grown better. 如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的更好。(安徽高考改编)Founded in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.这所建于20世纪初期的学校一直激励孩子们对艺术的热爱。4过去分词作状语需注意的几个问题(1)过去分词、现在分词和不定式作状语的区别：一般说来，过去分词作状语，和句子主语之间是被动关系；现在分词作状语，和句子主语之间是主动关系；不定式作状语，一般表示目的。请比较：Seen from the top of the tower, the ci
9、ty looks more beautiful.从塔顶上看，这座城市更漂亮。(主语the city和see之间是被动关系)Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of the city. 从塔顶我们可以饱览这座城市的美景。(主语we和see之间是主动关系)To get a wonderful view of the city, we climbed to the top of the tower. 为了饱览这座城市的美景， 我们爬上了塔顶。(不定式表示目的)(2)过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语必须保持一致，请体
10、会下列例句：当被问及为什么会迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。Asked why she was late, her face went red.()Asked why she was late, she went red in the face.()小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的惩处。If caught, the police will punish the thief. ()If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. ()(3)有些分词已成为固定结构，当使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑它们与主语之间的关系。常用的有：judging by/fr
11、om .“根据判断；由断定”； generally/honestly/frankly speaking“一般/老实/坦率说来”；provided (that) . (providing that .)“假如；在条件下”； given .“倘若；假定等”； considering (that) .“考虑到”； supposing (that) .“如果”Judging by/from his accent, he must be from the South.从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。I will agree to go provided/providing that you go wit
12、h me.假如你陪我一起去，我就同意去。(4)独立主格结构 分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致。但当分词逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，分词要有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种主语常常是名词或代词，置于动词ing形式或动词ed形式之前。这种“名词/代词动词ing/动词ed”结构在语法上被称为独立主格结构。此时分词形式的选择取决于名词/代词与动词ing/动词ed形式所表示动作的逻辑关系，如果它们之间表示主动或动作正在进行，选择现在分词；如果它们之间表示被动或完成，选择过去分词。Spring coming on, the trees turned green.春天来了，树变绿了。The questio
13、n settled, they felt released.问题解决了，他们感觉轻松了。即时演练2(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空Compared (compare) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.When first introduced (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.Having finished the interview, the manager went to his
14、 office, followed (follow) by the interviewer.Finding (find) her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.Driven (drive) by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more greenhouses.(2)单句改错Judged by/from her dresses, she must be from a rich family. JudgedJudgingI will agree to the
15、project, provide that my expenses are paid. provideprovided/providingFacing with so many difficulties, he had a hard time those days. FacingFaced或去掉with(全国卷改编)The party will be held in the garden, weather permitted.permittedpermitting二、短语动词1动词副词该类短语动词有的只可用作及物动词，有的只可用作不及物动词，有的既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。He brought up his children strictly.他严格教育孩子们。(及物动词)Something unexpected has turned up.出现了令人意外的情况。(不及物动词)The barrel of gunpowder blew up.火药桶爆炸了。(不及物动词)The soldiers blew up the bridge.士兵们把桥炸毁了。(及物
