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1、考点44 阅读理解记叙文高考频度：记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是哲
2、理故事，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 逸闻趣事，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。二、命题方式考向一 细节事实理解 一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问：1.Which of the following statements is(n
3、ot) true/correct?2.Which of the following is not mentioned?3.All of the following are true except.4.According to the passage, when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc.？1.直接事实题 在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。 A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the
4、U.S. This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river.This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road, which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. The elevator goes down f
5、orty-four stories from the road to the bottom. There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco. Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years.This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a
6、 president of the United States. Hoover Dam, one of the highest dams in the world, is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada. Q：Hoover Dam lies_ .A. between Arizona and NevadaB. in the Black CanyonC. between New York and San FranciscoD. both A and B【解析】由第二段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案是D项。zx*xk
7、【答案】D2.间接事实题 解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian, host of the well-received TV programme Stars Tonight，Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991, appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.Born in Shanghai and taken to Hongkong when she was only six year
8、s old, Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cathay Airline for seven years. However, it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing
9、, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.Its really a hard job for me. I wont enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, Id love to ma
10、ke a deep impression on my TV audience，said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.Q：Which of the following is NOT true?A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.B. Luo Lin moved to Hongkong with her parents.C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia. 【答案】3. 数据推
11、算。If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time, you will save_ .A. $100B.$300C.$350D.$400 这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。考向二 主题理解或写作意图推断 一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容1.短文的标题（title,headlin
12、e）；2.短文或段落的主题（subject）；3.中心思想(main idea)；4.作者的写作目的(purpose)。二、此类题的设问方式1.What would be the best title for the text?2.What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?3.What is the passage mainly about?4.The main purpose of announcing the above events is_.考向三 推理推断 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明
13、说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：1.We can infer from the Passage that_.2.What can be inferred from the Passage?3.Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage?4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_.5.Th
14、e author suggests in this paragraph that_.6.The writer implies that_.7.It can be inferred that_.8.It can be concluded from the Passage that_.9.On the whole, we can conclude that_.10.From the text we can conclude that_.11.After reading the Passage we may conclude that_.12.What conclusion can be drawn
15、 from the Passage?13.The author is inclined to think that_.14.When the writer talks about, what he really means is that_.15.Whats the writers attitude/feeling towards.?16.In the writers opinion,.考向四 词义、句义猜测。词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。此类题的设问方式主要有1.The word .in Line.means/can be replaced by.2.As used in the passage, the phrase .suggests.3.From the passage, we can infer that the word/ph
