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1、Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1.fundamental adj.基本的；基础的2.chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链3.dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散4.acid n. 酸5.multiply vi.& vt. 乘；增加6.gravity n. 万有引力；重力7.extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的8.exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽9.satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星10.spaceship n. 宇宙飞船.重点单词(写其形)1.atmo
2、sphere n大气层；气氛2.solar adj. 太阳的；日光的3.thus adv. 因此；于是4.gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的5.climate n. 气候6.crash vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落7.pull n& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力8.float vi.& vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物9.system n. 系统；体系；制度10.theory n. 学说；理论11.physicist n. 物理学家 .拓展单词(通其变)1.globe n球体；地球仪；地球global adj.全球性的；全世界的2.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的v
3、iolence n暴力violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地3.unlike prep.与不同；不像like vt.喜欢prep.像n.爱好dislike vt.不喜欢；讨厌n.不喜欢的事物likely adj.可能的4.harmful adj.有害的harm n& vt.伤害harmless adj.无害的5.exist vi.存在；生存existence n存在；生存6.puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题puzzled adj.感到困惑的puzzling adj.令人困惑的7.religion n宗教；宗教信仰religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教
4、的；虔诚的8.biology n生物学biologist n生物学家biological adj.生物的9.reaction n反应；回应react v反应语境活用1.Some believe in the existence (exist) of life on Mars, while others consider it as a myth.2.Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use vi
5、olence whatever happens.(violent)3.Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm)4.He often says that he doesnt believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others religi
6、ous freedom.(religion)5.Since my younger brother is fond of biology,_he is determined to become a biologist when he grows up.(biology)6.As is known to us, everyone has his likes and dislikes.My little sister is fond of pop music.She is likely to become a famous pop singer in the future.(like) (二)练中记
7、短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.in_time及时；终于2.lay_eggs 下蛋3.give_birth_to 产生；分娩4.in_ones_turn 轮到某人5.watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防6.cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋7.depend_on 依靠；取决于8.break_out 突发；爆发9.prevent_.from 阻止；制止10.block_out 挡住(光线)11.get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解12.now_that 既然1.Once he has made up his mind, no one can prev
8、ent him from carrying out the plan.2.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning.3.She married at 17 and gave_birth_to her first baby shortly after.4.Mr.Brown intended to catch the early train, but he didnt get up in_time.5.Do remember to watch_o
9、ut_for cars while crossing the street.6.Youve made me suffer in the past, so now you, in_your_turn,_suffer again！7.Only by practising time and time again can you get_the_hang_of the grammar rules.8.She bought a heavy curtain to block_out the light.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.This produced a chain reac
10、tion, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。动词itadj./n.(宾补)to do。(2018全国卷书面表达)我认为参加晚宴时带点小礼物是个好主意。I think it_a_good_idea_to_bring a small gift when we attend a dinner party.2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
11、 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。倍数表达法：倍数as .as .杰茜卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪，
12、”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”now that 引导原因状语从句。既然你精通英语，你就可以申请这份工作。Now_that_you_have_a_good_command_of_English,_you can apply for the job.4.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。形容词作伴随状语。他在风雪中度过了七天，又冷又饿。He
13、spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold_and_hungry.二、课堂重点深化1harmful adj.有害的自主体验单句语法填空As we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to ones health.As far as Im concerned, there is no harm in making an apology to him first.补全句子These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, cau
14、sing/doing_serious_harm_to life and the environment.这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。系统归纳(1)be harmful to sb./sth.对某人/某物有害 对某人/某物有害 做某事没有坏处重点强化易错处处防As we all know, the polluted water and air are harm to peoples health.harmharmful佳句时时写(一句多译)众所周知，过量饮酒对我们的健康有害。What is known to us is that drinking t
15、oo much is_harmful_to_our_health.(harmful)It is known to us that drinking too much does_harm_to_our_health.(harm n)2exist vi.存在；生存自主体验单句语法填空Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist in his mind.Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)The parking place for bikes was an existing (exist) problem for a long time in our school.系统归纳(1)exist in
