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1、Daily Verbal Communication,,Company Logo,An idiom,The sum of human wisdom is not contained in any one language, and no single language is capable of expressing all forms and degrees of human comprehension. Ezra Pound,,Company Logo,Teaching Objectives,1.To understand how language and culture are clos
2、ely linked 2. To understand pragmatics in intercultural Communication 3. Identify the cultural differences in addressing, greeting, conversational topics, visiting, parting, compliment and response, gratitude and apology.,,Company Logo,What is verbal communication,Verbal: connected with words and th
3、eir use Verbal communication: communication done both orally and in written language Easier to use words to represent ones experiences within the same culture because people share many similar experiences. More troublesome in verbal communication across cultures because peoples experiences, beliefs,
4、 values, customs, traditions and the like are different.,,Company Logo,Language and culture,Mastering all those rules of language，such as phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics, is still not enough for effective communication, for language and culture cannot be separated. They are intertwined,
5、shaping each other, as in the chicken and egg dilemma - which came first, the language or the culture? When selecting words, forming sentences, and sending a message, either oral or written, one also makes cultural choices.,,Company Logo,Pragmatics in intercultural Communication,Language can be used
6、 to perform many tasks: to address people, to compliment people, to make a request, to extend an invitation, to declare a man and a woman husband and wife, and even to sentence a criminal to death. Pragmatics is the study of the effect that language has on human perceptions and behavior. By learning
7、 pragmatics, we can understand how to communicate properly. Our everyday communication is filled with such pragmatic use of language , but the realization of speech act is different from culture to culture.,,Company Logo,Verbal Communication,Form of address Greeting Initiating conversation and conve
8、rsation topic Visiting Parting Compliments and compliment responses Gratitude and apology,,Company Logo,Addressing by names,Name order Surname + given name / He Xiangu Given name + surname (AE)/ Linda Smith *Smith; *Miss Linda Nowadays, more and more English-speaking people address others by using t
9、he first name, even when people meet for the first time. (intimacy and equality) (pg. 23) A child may even do so to his/ her parents or grandparents. Many college students call their professors by their first names. (postgraduate) In China seniority is paid respect to. Juniors are supposed to addres
10、s seniors in a proper way. The use of given names is limited to husband and wife, very close friends, juniors by elders or superiors. (Hierarchy),,Company Logo,Chinese often extend kinship terms to people not related by blood or marriage. These terms are used after the surname to show politeness and
11、 respect. (pg. 23) More examples are jingcha shushu (警察叔叔), hushi aji (护士阿姨),etc. The English equivalents of the above kinship terms are not so used. Even with relatives, Americans tend to use just the first name and leave out the term of relationship. Some exceptions parents Uncle Sam, Aunt Mary Br
12、other Joseph or Sister Mary (religious society),Addressing by relationship,,Company Logo,Only a few occupations or titles could be used. (pg. 24) *Principal Morris; *Manager Jackson; *Bureau Director Wang Doctor Brown; Mayor White; Prof. Lessing; Nurse Liu; Captain Fan; Colonel Yu Americans tend to
13、regard titles as trivial unless they have a clear idea of what kind of work a person does and what his responsibilities are. Senior engineer / vice president for marketing The use of respectful titles to indicate peoples influential status,Addressing by title, office, profession,,Company Logo,Specia
14、l Greeting,literarily “Where are you going? “ or “What are you going to do?“ or “Have you eaten? “ (pg. 25) Invitation Intrusion into ones privacy Simply to say his/her name, perhaps adding a term of respect: Li Xiaosheng, Mr. Li, Teacher Li, etc. the Chinese person is preparing to ask a question or
15、 make a comment. the Americans response is likely to be “Yes?“,,Company Logo,Special Greeting,To make casual comments about whatever another person is doing to show acknowledgment. “Oh, youre working at the computer” to a person who is actually doing so. Wait for further inquiry. Another Chinese ter
16、m xinku la (辛苦啦) is a good warm expression showing concern with many functions. greeting to a person who has just completed a long trip, and as a greeting complement to a person who has just done something. Did you have a good trip? / Did you enjoy your trip? / How was the trip? etc. “Well done“, “That was /You ve got a hard job.”,,Company
