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1、（12）阅读理解 词义猜测四1、What is it that makes people laugh? More than two thousand years ago the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle defined (定义) jokes as the pleasure that results from a feeling of triumph(胜利) by showing were better than someone else in a certain way. According to Aristotle and many other
2、philosophers,all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of personsthat is,putting it clearly,on showing that they are worse off than ourselves. Jokes raise our good opinion of ourselves at someone elses expense. Showing how much better than other people we are is only
3、one reason we like jokes. Someone may also use a joke to express their anger or their cruelty or any other kind of action that is not acceptable to us. We feel free to laugh when we hear about someone sliding on a banana skin. The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable t
4、o society. This is probably the reason why some of the jokes,especially those involving cruelty,are so popular with certain people.Besides,all jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something that is strange and out of place because its different from things which are happening around it. The
5、same situation can be either sad or pleasant,depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is. If a girl in a bathing suit falls into a swimming pool,we dont laugh because nothing unusual has happened. But if a man in a smart suit falls in,the situation is at once unusual in a pleasant way a
6、nd we laugh. A good joke-teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexpected suddenly happens,and so we laugh.1.According to Aristotle,all jokes depend mainly on _.A.showing inferiority in another person or groupB.resulting in a sense of successC.
7、having a good opinion of other peopleD.making people laugh unexpectedly2.The underlined word “inferiority”(in Paragraph 1) means _.A.something that is not as good as something elseB.something that is better than something elseC.someone that is not as good as someone elseD.someone that is better than
8、 someone else3.Whats the main idea of Paragraph 2?A.Showing we are better than other people is the only one reason we like jokes.B.When people are angry,they would like to hear jokes.C.People who like jokes are usually cruel.D.To express those attitudes usually unacceptable to society is one of the
9、reasons we like jokes.4.What will a good joke teller always try to do?2、 An elephant in a South Korean zoo is using his trunk to pick up not only food, but also human vocabulary. An international team of scientists confirmed on Friday what Everland Zoo has been saying for years: Their 5.5-ton tusker
10、 Koshik has an unusual and possibly unprecedented talent. The 22-year-old Asian elephant can reproduce five Korean words by tucking his trunk inside his mouth to modulate sound, the scientists said in a joint paperpublished online in Current Biology. They said he may have started imitating human spe
11、ech because he was lonely. Koshik can reproduce “annyeong”(hello),“anja” (sit down),“ aniya ( no),“ nuwo (lie down) and joa(good) , the paper says. One of the researchers said there is no conclusive evidence that Koshik understands the sounds he makes, although the elephant does respond to words lik
12、e anja. Researchers said the clearest scientific evidence that Koshik is deliberately imitating human speech is that the sound frequency of his words matches that of his trainers. Vocal imitation of other species has been found in mockingbirds, parrots and mynahs. But the paper says Koshiks case rep
13、resents “ a wholly novel method of vocal production because he uses his trunk to reproduce human speech. Researchers believe Koshiklearned to reproduce words out of adesire to bond with his trainers afterhe was separated from two otherelephants at age 5. Koshik emerged as a staramong animal enthusia
14、sts and children in South Korea after Everland Zoo claimed in 2006 that he could imitate words, two years after his trainers noticed the phenomenon. His growing reputation prompted Austrian biologist Angela Stoeger- Horwath and German biophysicist Daniel Mietchen to study him in 2010, zoo officials
15、said. Kim Jong-gab, Koshiks chief trainer, said the elephant was timid for a male when he first came to Everland Zoo, so trainers often slept in the same area with him. Kim thinks that contact helped Koshik feel closer to humans. Kim said he has another expression he wants to teach Koshik: “Sarangha
16、e” or “I love you.1.According to the passage, what is the possible reason why Koshik imitates human speech?A.He feels very lonely.B.He earns money for his zoo.C.He has a gift for speech.D.He wants to make his trainer happy.2.Koshik can reproduce the following words EXCEPT_.A.annyeongB.nuwoC.SaranghaeD.joa3.From the passage, we ca
