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1、Unit 8 A green world知识精讲一、必背词汇dig vi.&vt. 挖（洞，沟等）serious adj. 认真的，严肃的reduce vt.&vi. 减少，降低recycle vt. 回收利用，循环利用wise adj. 明智的，充满智慧的plastic n. 塑料separate vt.&vi. 分开，隔开allow vt. 允许punish vt. 处罚，惩罚fine vt. 罚款depend vi. 依靠，依赖，指望rich adj. 丰富的；富有的resource n. 资源produce vt. 导致，产生difference n. 差异，不同（之处）poster
2、n. 海报display vt.&vi. 展示；陈列pollute vt. 污染harm vt. 伤害；损害living adj. 活着的，活的survey n. 调查empty adj. 空的dust n. 灰尘，尘土harmful adj. 有害的soil n. 土壤coal n. 煤oil n. 石油；原油；食用油gas n. 气体；煤气form vt.&vi. 形成carelessly adv. 满不在乎地；粗心地reuse vt. 再使用simple adj. 简单的step n. 步骤，措施power n. 电力，力量breadfruit n. 面包果2二、重点词汇1. separ
3、ate adjective & verb./sep.r.t/adj.existing or happening independently or in a different physical space各自的；单独的，不同的例句： I try to keep meat separate from other food in the fridge. 我想把肉同冰箱里的其他食物分开放。v.1). to (cause to) divide into parts（使）分离；（使）分开例句：The north and south of the country are separated by a mo
4、untain range. 这个国家的南北两部分被一条山脉隔开。2). to make people move apart or into different places, or to move apart（使）分开；（使）分散例句：Perhaps we should separate now and meet up later. 或许我们现在应该分开，晚些时候再见面。2. serious adjective /s.ri.s/1). severe in effect; bad严重的；糟糕的例句： There were no reports of serious injuries. 没有接到有
5、人重伤的报告。2). not joking or intended to be funny严肃的，认真的例句： He was wearing a very serious expression and I knew something was wrong. 他一脸严肃，我就知道出差错了。3). A serious person is quiet, thinks carefully about things, and does not laugh a lot.（人）严肃的，不苟言笑的例句： I remember her as a very serious child. 我记得她是个很严肃的小孩。
6、4). determined to follow a particular plan of action坚决的；认真的例句： Is she serious about going to live abroad? 她真的想移居国外吗？3. depend verb /dpend/to be decided by or to change according to the stated thing由决定，取决于例句：Whether or not we go to Mexico for our holiday depends on the cost. 我们去不去西班牙度假取决于需要花费多少钱。【拓展】
7、it (all) dependsit is not decided yet看情况再决定，看情况再说例句：Are you going to Emmas party? I dont know, it depends - we might be going away that weekend. “你去参加埃玛的晚会吗？”“说不好，看情况再说吧那个周末我们可能要外出。”4. difference noun /df.r.ns/1). C or U the way in which two or more things which you are comparing are not the same区别，
8、差别，不同例句： Whats the difference between an ape and a monkey? 猿和猴有什么区别？2). a disagreement分歧，争论，争议例句：They had a terrible argument a few weeks ago, but now theyve settled/resolved their differences. 几年前他们发生过一次激烈的争吵，不过现在他们的分歧已经消除了。【拓展】1). make a (big) differenceto improve a situation (a lot)（极大地）改善例句：Exer
9、cise can make a big difference to your state of health. 锻炼会极大地改善你的健康状况。2). not make any differenceto not change a situation in any way没有引起任何变化例句：You can ask him again if you want, but it wont make any difference - hell still say no. 你如果愿意可以再去问他，但结果还是一样他还会说不。3). with a differenceused to say that some
10、thing is unusual, and more interesting or better than other things of the same type与众不同，不同寻常，别具一格，更胜一筹例句：Try new Cremetti - the ice cream with a difference. 试试新的克里梅蒂不同寻常的冰激凌。5. harmful adjective /hm.fl/causing harm有害的例句： This group of chemicals is known to be harmful to people with asthma. 已知这类化学品对哮
11、喘病患者有害。三、必背短语turn off 关上（开关）cut down 砍倒depend on 依靠， 取决于depend upon 依靠，取决于run out 用完，耗尽in place 在正确位置make a difference （对）有影响，起作用四、经典句型1. Will more trees be planted this year?今年会种植更多的树木吗？2. We can protect the environment by recycling waste.我们可以回收利用废物来保护环境。3. For example, we are not allowed to cut do
12、wn trees.例如，我们不可以砍伐树木。4. When is the show going to be held?表演什么时候举行？5. Air pollution is harmful to our health.空气污染对我们的健康有害。三点剖析一、考点一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态一般有两种形式:1. 第一种形式1). 肯定句：主语+will be+及物动词的过去分词+其他例句： The new film will be shown next Sunday. 这部新影片将于下周日上映。2). 否定句：主语+wont be+及物动词的过去分词+其他例句： The new fi
13、lm wont be shown next Sunday. 这部新影片将不会于下周日上映。3). 一般疑问句：Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他例句： Will the new film be shown next Sunday?这部新影片将于下周日上映吗？2. 第二种形式1). 肯定句：主语+ am/is/are +going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他例句： The sports meeting is going be held this Friday.运动会将于本周五举行。2). 否定句：主 语+ am/is/are + not + going to be+及物动词
14、的过去分词+其他例句： The sports meeting isnt going be held this Friday.运动会将不会于本周五举行。3). 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+ 主语+ going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他例句： Is the sports meeting going to be held this Friday? 运动会将于本周五举行吗？注意：在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。例句：If I am given enough time, I will go to Dalian for my holiday.如果给我足够的时间，我将去大连度假。二、易错点1. run out & run out of1). run out意为“用完；耗尽”，是不及物动词短语。其主语通常为物，表示“某物用完了”，是用主动语态表示被动含义。例句：My money has run out. 我的钱用完了。2). run out of意为“用完”，是及物动词短语。其主语一般是人，of后跟某物，表示“某人用完了某物”。例句：Jack has run out of money. 杰克把钱花完了。2. divide & separate1). divide作“分开，分离”讲，指把
