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1、Great Scientists李仕才一、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Breakfast is the most important meal of the day, reports the Daily Mail, claiming that skipping it increases your chances of a heart attack.The study, published in the peer-reviewed journal Circulation, was carried out by researchers from the
2、 Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical School. It was funded by the US National Institutes of Health and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.This study followed 26,902 male American dentists, vets, pharmacists(药剂师), optometrists, osteopaths and podia
3、trists(足疗师) aged between 45 and 82 years old for 16 years. To be fit for the study, the men could not have a history of cancer, coronary heart disease, heart attack or stroke.The population being studied was also extremely limited professional men who were almost white. More research in women and ot
4、her groups is needed for us to learn more about breakfast and heart health.After tracking a large group of middle-aged and older male American health professionals, studying their eating habits and their risk of developing coronary heart disease for 16 years, it found that men who reported skipping
5、breakfast had a 27% higher risk of coronary heart disease than men who ate breakfast.Men who regularly were addicted to a midnight snack were found to have a 55% higher risk of coronary heart disease than men who didnt. However, no association was seen between eating frequency (number of meals per d
6、ay) and the risk of coronary heart disease. This could suggest that it is the timing of meals rather than the frequency that has a bigger influence on heart health.But because of the design of this study, a direct cause and effect relationship between breakfast and health cannot be proved. While the
7、 researchers attempted to take certain lifestyle factors into account, it could be the case that people who take time to have a regular breakfast also tend to have healthier lifestyles.1.What is the passage mainly discussing?A. Heart disease risk is higher in men who skip breakfast.B. Breakfast is t
8、he most important meal of the day.C. Many professionals took part in the research.D. Some people have a preference for midnight snacks.2.If you want to be a participant .A. you must be an American dentistB. you should contact CirculationC. you should be over 50 years oldD. you must be free from some
9、 diseases3.A person who prefers to have midnight snacks .A. may have a higher risk of coronary heart diseaseB. may have a habit of skipping breakfastC. may have less than three meals a dayD. may eat more frequently than others4.According to the passage, we can know .A. a regular breakfast will cost
10、a lot of timeB. more research should be done about breakfast and healthC. the researchers must have developed healthy lifestylesD. only a few people focus on healthy lifestyles【文章大意】本文重点说明了早餐的重要性。由美国哈佛公共卫生学院等机构对26 902名年龄在4582岁之间的美国男性公民的研究发现，经常不吃早餐的人突发心脏病的风险比吃早餐的人高27%。1.A 【解析】考查主旨大意。作者在文中主要讲述了一项新的研究结
11、果, 即经常不吃早餐的人突发心脏病的风险比吃早餐的人高。 故选A项。2.D 【解析】考查细节理解。依据文章第三段的内容可知，要想参与这项研究,参与者要具备以下条件：男性；医务工作者；年龄在4582岁；没有癌症、冠心病、心脏病发作或中风病史。故选D项。3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。依据文章倒数第二段第一句可知,研究发现，经常吃夜宵的男性比不吃夜宵的男性患冠心病的风险高55%。故选A项。4.B 【解析】考查推理判断。依据文章尾段的because of the design of this study, a direct cause and effect relationship between b
12、reakfast and health cannot be proved可知，由于研究的设计方案问题，不能证明早餐对健康的直接影响。故选B项。 二、教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。John Snow, a wellknown doctor in London, became 1. (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2. (expose) to cholera, a 3. (dead) disease of its day. Many thousands of
13、people died every time there was an outbreak 4. no one knew the cause of it. John wanted to help solve the problem.He got interested in two theories 5. (explain) how cholera killed people. He believed in the second theory that suggested that people 6. (absorb) the disease with their meals. In 1854,
14、7. another outbreak hit London, he was ready to test the two 8. (theory). 9. the help of the map he made, he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10. (blame)答案：1.inspired2.were exposed3.deadly4.because5explaining6.absorbed7.when8.theories9.Wi
15、th 10to blame三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。That was a sunny day.My father and I were on the way _1_ my uncles home.People on the street were walking leisurely and chatting _2_ ，while my father was walking in a hurry.I tried my best to _3_ him.But I was still left behind.I could not understand why he _4_ so fast.Due to the fast speed，I lost my _5_ and was completely with sweat.Somehow，I began to be angry at him.He always did not think about my_6_.“Why do you walk so fast? Dont you see me behind you？”I said _7_.“You are always like this.Why must you _8_ so loudly？”he s
