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1、比较级的用法英语句子中，将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。其中，像“A比B更”的表达方式称为比较级。最高级表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级。重点： 形容词的比较等级构成方式:1.一般单音节形容词的比较级多在原形上加-er,最高级加-est. 多音节形容词在原形前加more,最高级加most原级比较级最高级smallsmallersmallestbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulpopularmore popularmost popular2.辅音字母加y结尾时去y变i再加er 例如. friendly friendlier friend
2、liest3. 以不发音的e结尾时加r/st. 例如. fine finer finest4. 重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾是一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加-er/est.eg. 例如：big bigger biggest5.不规则形容词的比较级与最高级如下:原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremostoldolder/elderoldest/oldestlittlelessleast1“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B”意思为“A比B更”。 如：This tree is taller than that one
3、. 这棵树比那棵树高。注意： 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。 在比较级前面使用much，表示程度“强得多”。 very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。 2“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越” 例如：It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽3.“the +比较级, the+比较级”，表示“越越”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 钱你赚得越多，花得越多。 四. 单项选择。1. Lu
4、cy is very short, but she is _ than her sister. A. shorter B. longer C. taller D. older 2. Frank is _ friendly than his brother. A. a little more B. a few more C. much D. a little 3. Sam is _ at Chinese than Jim. A. good B. well C. better D. gooder 4. This one is too large. Can you show me a _one? A
5、. larger B. large C. small D. smaller 5. Do you think March is _ than January? Yes, its _ warmer. A. better, a little B. well, much B. C. worse, very D. nicer, quite 6. Im _ quieter than Susan. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 7. The watch is not _ beautiful as that one. A. very B. too C. so D.
6、 more8. His French isnt so good as _. A: he B: him C:his D: hers 9. Its much better than _ classes. A. have B. has C. to have D. having 初中英语语法知识点：被动语态一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受
7、者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念;而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来
8、的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am/is/are+taught 一般过去时：was/were+taught 一般将来时：will/shall be+taught 现在进行时：am/is/are being+taught 过去进行时：have/has been+taught 现在完成时：have/has been+taught歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷
9、的)This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要; 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(b
10、e+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are madeby themin the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态注意:含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away. They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
