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1、Unit one Automobile Structure,Contents,Pre-questions,II. Text Explanation,III. Exercises,Types of Modern Automobiles 1）cars 2）passenger cars 3）trucks 4）tractors and vehicle combination 5）special type vehicle 6）Self-dumping car 7）farm vehicle 8) off-road vehicle,Pre-questions,Special vehicle,car,Trac
2、tor,Truck,Passenger Cars,2、with respect to engine arrangement and driving type,Pre-questions,Do you know who built the first car in the world and when? Karl Benz In 1886,Pre-questions,How many main parts does the automobile consist of?,1-engine,2-chassis,3-body,4-electrical system,Pre-questions,Whic
3、h is called the “ heart” of automobile? An engine that is used to supply power for an automobile What is the chassis composed of? driving system, running gear, steering system and brake system.,Pre-questions,Driving system,Brake system,Steering system,running gear,Pre-questions,What is the electrica
4、l system composed of? The electric system includes the battery, generator, starting system, ignition system, lighting system, horn system, radio and other devices.,Pre-questions,What are the functions of the four systems? Driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. Suspe
5、nsion systems function is to increase strength and durability of components and to meet customers requirements for riding comfort and driving safety. Steering system is used to control the driving direction of an automobile. Brake system is used to retard the motion of the vehicle.,Pre-questions,In
6、other words, any automobile is composed of the sections such as engine, chassis, body and electric system. In other words 换句话说 be composed of 由.组成 译文：换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。,II. Text Explanation,In other words In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 In ot
7、her words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义。 be composed of Navy must be composed of surface ship unit and submarine unit. 海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。,II. Text Explanation,The internal combustion engine burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combust
8、ion or “explosion” into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. The internal combustion engine 内燃机 Convert into使转变, 转换. Propel vt.推进, 驱使 译文：内燃机在汽缸内燃烧燃料，然后把燃烧或者“爆炸”所产生的膨胀力变成旋转力，用以推动车辆前进。,II. Text Explanation,Convert into They converted the garage into a theater. 他们将车库改成戏院。 convert water into ice. 将水
9、变成冰 converting feet into meters. 将英尺换算成公尺,II. Text Explanation,Brake system is a balanced set of mechanical and hydraulic devices used to retard the motion of the vehicle by means of friction. Hydraulic haidrlik adj. 液压的, 水力的 Retard ritd vt. 延迟, 使减速,阻碍 Friction frikn n.摩擦, 摩擦力 译文：制动系统是一套平衡的机械和液压设备，它
10、可通过摩擦来阻止车辆的运动。,II. Text Explanation,by means of 用方式（方法），依靠 They succeeded by means of perseverance. 他们依靠坚忍不拔而获得成功。 He always goes to school by means of bike 他总是骑自行车上学,II. Text Explanation,II. Text Explanation,In 1956, the No. 1 Auto Plant was established in Changchun, and turned out the first batch
11、of liberation automobiles for our country. establish vt.建立, 设立, 确定 turned out vt. 生产, 起床, 翻出, 制造, 关掉 译文：在1956年，一汽在长春成立了，并且为我们国家生产出了第一批解放牌轿车。,turn out A vast crowd turned out to watch the match. 大群的观众到场观看比赛。 If the day turns out wet we may have to change our plans. 万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。,II. Text Explanat
12、ion,III. Exercises,Translate the following expressions into Chinese. chassis driving system internal combustion engine steering system braking system clutch gearbox universal joint propeller shaft generator,底盘 传动系统 内燃机 转向系统 制动系统 离合器 变速箱 万向节 驱动轴 发电机,Identify the English names of clutch according to t
13、he picture.,III. Exercises,1-engine; 2-clutch; 3-gearbox; 4-propeller shaft; 5-differential; 6-rear axle,The motor vehicle engine is basically a device for converting the internal energy stored in its fuel into mechanical energy. It is classified as an internal combustion engine by virtue of this en
14、ergy conversion taking place within the engine cylinders . Since the term ”energy” implies the capacity to perform work, the engine is thus able to propel the vehicle along the road and, within limits, overcome unwanted opposition to its motion arising from rolling friction and air drag. To facilita
15、te this process the engine is combined with a transmission system.,III. Exercises,I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. In effect, the driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. 实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。 The electric system supplies lighting and driving p
16、ower for the automobile. 电气系统可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。 The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. 车身的式样为汽车提供了诱人的，多彩的，现代的外观形象。,III. Exercises,汽车主要由四个部分组成，他们是：发动机、底盘、车身和电气设备。 An automobile is generally composed of four sections such as engine,chassis, body and electrical system. 传动系由离合器、变速箱、传动轴、后桥、差速器、从动轮组成。 The transmission system consists of clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, rear axle ,differential and t
