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1、2019年年托福阅读强化模拟试题 In1900theUnitedStateshadonlythreecitieswithmorethanamillionresidentsNewYork,Chicago,andPhiladelphia.By1930,ithadtengiantmetropolises.Theneweronesexperiencedremarkablegrowth,whichreflectedbasicchangesintheeconomy. ThepopulationofLosAngeles(114,000in1900)rosespectacularlyintheearlydec
2、adesofthetwentiethcentury,increasingadramatic1,400percentfrom1900to1930.AnumberofcircumstancescontributedtothemeteoricriseofLosAngeles.Theagriculturalpotentialoftheareawasenormousifwaterforirrigationcouldbefound,andthecityfoundershadthevisionanddatingtoobtainitbyconstructinga225-mileaqueduct,pletedi
3、n1913,totapthewateroftheOwensRiver.Thecityhadasuperbnaturalharbor,aswellasexcellentrailconnections.Theclimatemadeitpossibletoshootmotionpicturesyear-round;henceHollywood.Hollywoodnotonlysuppliedjobs;itdisseminatedanimageofthegoodlifeinSouthernCaliforniaonscreensallacrossthenation.Themostimportantsin
4、gleindustrypoweringthegrowthofLosAngeles,however,wasdirectlylinkedtotheautomobile.ThedemandforpetroleumtofuelgasolineenginesledtotheopeningoftheSouthernCaliforniaoilfields,andmadeLosAngelesNorthAmericasgreatestrefiningcenter. LosAngeleswasaproductoftheautoageinanothersenseaswell:itsdistinctivespatia
5、lorganizationdependedonwidespreadprivateownershipofautomobiles.LosAngeleswasadecentralizedmetropolis,sprawlingacrossthedesertlandscapeoveranareaof400squaremiles.Itwasacitywithoutarealcenter.Thedowntownbusinessdistrictdidnotgrowapacewiththecityasawhole,andtherapidtransitsystemdesignedtolinkthecenterw
6、ithoutlyingareaswitheredawayfromdisuse.Approximately800,000carswereregisteredinLosAngelesCountyin1930,oneper2.7residents.SomevisitorsfromtheeastcoastweredismayedattheendlessurbansprawlanddismissedLosAngelesasamerecollectionofsuburbsinsearchofacity.Butthefreedomandmobilityofacitybuiltonwheelsattracte
7、dfloodsofmigrantstothecity. 1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout? (A)ThegrowthofcitiesintheUnitedStatesintheearly1900s (B)ThedevelopmentoftheSouthernCaliforniaoilfields (C)FactorscontributingtothegrowthofLosAngeles (D)IndustryandcityplanninginLosAngeles 2.Theauthorcharacterizesthegrowthofnewlargecitiesinth
8、eUnitedStatesafter1900asresultingprimarilyfrom (A)neweconomicconditions (B)imagesofcitiesshowninmovies (C)newagriculturaltechniques (D)alargemigrantpopulation 3.Thewordmeteoricinline6isclosestinmeaningto (A)rapid (B)famous (C)controversial (D)methodical 4.Theworditinline8refersto (A)aqueduct (B)visi
9、on (C)water (D)agriculturalpotential 5.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofagriculturearoundLosAngeleswasthe (A)influxofnewresidentstoagriculturalareasnearthecity (B)constructionofanaqueduct (C)expansionoftransportationfacilities (D)developmentofnewconnectionstothecitysnatu
10、ralharbor 6.Accordingtothepassage,theinitialsuccessofHollywoodsmotionpictureindustrywasduelargelytothe (A)availabilityofmanyskilledworkers (B)beautyofthecountryside (C)regionsreputationforluxuriouslifestyles (D)regionsclimateandgoodweather 7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatin1930thegreatestnumberof
11、peopleintheLosAngelesareawereemployedin (A)farming (B)oilrefining (C)automobilemanufacturing (D)themotionpictureindustry 8.Accordingtothepassage,theSouthernCaliforniaoilfieldswereinitiallyexploiteddueto (A)thefuelrequirementsofLosAngelesrailsystem (B)anincreaseintheuseofgasolineenginesinNorthAmerica
12、 (C)adesiretoputunproductivedesertlandtogooduse (D)innovativeplanningonthepartofthecityfounders 9.Thephraseapacewithinline21isclosestinmeaningto (A)anewwith (B)apartfrom (C)asfastas (D)atthemiddleof 10.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthespatialorganizationofLosAngelescontributedtotherelativedecline
13、thereof (A)publictransportation (B)industrialareas (C)suburbanneighborhoods (D)oilfields 11.ThevisitorsfromtheeastcoastmentionedinthepassagethoughtthatLosAngeles (A)wasnotaccuratelyportrayedbyHollywoodimages (B)lackedgoodsuburbanareasinwhichtolive (C)hadanexcessivelylargepopulation (D)wasnotreallyasinglecity CAACBDCBCAD
