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1、2019年年托福考试最新模拟预测题 导语：20XX年的托福考试即将举行，以下是为您推荐的一些关于托福考试最新模拟预测题，欢迎学习参考，同时祝所有考生获得理想的好成绩! Pennsylvaniascolonialironmastersforgedironandarevolutionthathadbothindustrialandpoliticalimplications.ThecolonistsinNorthAmericawantedtherighttotheprofitsgainedfromtheirmanufacturing.However,EnglandwantedalloftheLine
2、coloniesrichoresandrawmaterialstofeeditsownfactories,andalsowantedthe(5)coloniestobeamarketforitsfinishedgoods.Englandpassedlegislationin1750toprohibitcolonistsfrommakingfinishedironproducts,butby1771,whenentrepreneurMarkBirdestablishedtheHopewellblastfurnaceinPennsylvania,ironmakinghadbe#ethebackbo
3、neofAmericanindustry.Italsohadbe#eoneofthemajorissuesthatfomentedtherevolutionarybreakbetweenEnglandandtheBritishcolonies.Bythe(10)timetheWarofIndependencebrokeoutin1776,Bird,angeredanddetermined,wasmanufacturingcannonsandshotatHopewelltobeusedbytheContinentalArmy. Afterthewar,Hopewell,alongwithhund
4、redsofotherironplantations,continuedtoformthenewnationsindustrialfoundationwellintothenineteenthcentury.Therurallandscapebecamedottedwithtallstonepyramidsthatbreathedflamesandsmoke,(15)charcola-fueledironfurnacesthatproducedtheversatilemetalsocrucialtothenationsgrowth.Generationsofironmasters,crafts
5、people,andworkersproducedgoodsduringwarandpeace-rangingfromcannonsandshottodomesticitemssuchascast-ironstoves,pots,andsashweightsforwindows. TheregionaroundHopewellhadeverythingneededforironproduction:awealthof(20)ironorenearthesurface,limestoneforremovingimpuritiesfromtheiron,hardwoodforeststosuppl
6、ythecharcoalusedforfuel,rushingwatertopowerthebellowsthatpumpedblastsofairintothefurnacefires,andworkerstosupplythelabor.Bythe1830s,Hopewellhaddevelopedareputationforproducinghighqualitycast-ironstoves,forwhichtherewasasteadymarket.AsPennsylvaniaaddedmorelinkstoits(25)transportationsystemofroads,can
7、als,andrailroads,itbecameeasiertoshippartsmadebyHopewellworkerstositesallovertheeastcoast.TheretheywareassembledintostovesandsoldfromRhodeIslandtoMarylandastheHopewellstove.BythetimethelastfiresburnedoutatHopewellironworksin1883,the#munityhadproducedsome80,000cast-ironstoves. 5.Pennsylvaniawasanidea
8、llocationfortheHopewellironworksforallofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT (A)Manyworkerswereavailableinthearea (B)Thecenterofoperationsofthearmywasnearby (C)Themetalorewaseasytoacquire (D)Therewasanabundanceofwood 答案：B UndertheEarthstopsoil,atvariouslevels,sometimesunderalayerofrock,therearedepositsofclay.L
9、ookatcutswherehighwayshavebeenbuilttoseeexposedclaybeds;orlookataconstructionsite,wherepocketsofclaymaybeexposed.RiversalsorevealLineclayalongtheirbanks,anderosiononahillsidemaymakeclayeasilyaccessible. (5)Whatisclaymadeof?TheEarthssurfaceisbasicallyrock,anditisthisrockthatgraduallyde#posesintoclay.
10、Rain,streams,alternatingfreezingandthawing,rootsoftreesandplantsforcingtheirwayintocracks,earthquakes,volcanicaction,andglaciersalloftheseforcesslowlybreakdowntheEarthsexposedrockycrustintosmallerandsmallerpiecesthateventuallybe#eclay. (10)Rocksare#posedofelementsand#poundsofelements.Feldspar,whichi
11、sthemostabundantmineralontheEarthssurface,isbasicallymadeupoftheoxidessilicaandalumina#binedwithalkalislikepotassiumandsomeso-calledimpuritiessuchasiron.Feldsparisanessential#ponentofgraniterocks,andassuchitisthebasisofclay.Whenitiswet,claycanbeeasilyshapedtomakeavarietyofuseful(15)objects,whichcant
12、henbefiredtovaryingdegreesofhardnessandcoveredwithimpermeabledecorativecoatingsofglasslikematerialcalledglaze.Justasvolcanicaction,withitsintenseheat,fusestheelementsincertainrocksintoaglasslikerockcalledobsidian,socanweapplyheattoearthenmaterialsandchangethemintoahard,densematerial.Differentclaysne
13、eddifferentheatlevelstofuse,andsome,thelow-fire(20)clays,neverbe#enonporousandwatertightlikehighlyfiredstoneware.Eachclaycanstandonlyacertainamountofheatwithoutlosingitsshapethroughsaggingormelting. Variationsofclay#positionandthetemperaturesatwhichtheyarefiredaccountforthedifferencesintextureandappearancebetweenachinateacupandanearthenwareflowerpot. 2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatclayisLEASTlikelytobeplentifulinwhichofthefollowingareas?
