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1、2019年届高考英语模拟试题 20XX届高三英语复习：Unit1GreatScientists .语法单句填空 1.Wehaveetothe_(conclude)thatitwouldbeunwisetoaccepthisidea. 答案：conclusion考查名词词义。句意：我们得出结论接受他的想法非明智之举。etotheconclusion“得出结论”。 2.Children_(expose)todifficultsituationsarebetterathandlingthose_(challenge)tasks. 答案：exposed;challenging考查非谓语动词。句意：暴露
2、在困难处境中的孩子更容易处理那些富有挑战性的工作。第一空选exposed，因为expose与前面的thechildren构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以选过去分词;第二空challenging意为“挑战性的”。 3._(blame)fortheterribleaccident,thedirectorfeltnervousandwasatalosswhattodo. 答案：Beingtoblamebetoblame“该受责备，应承担责任”，此处指主管为这起重大事故负责，betoblame是固定用法，不用于被动语态。 4.ThenumberoftheforeigntouriststovisittheUS
3、isexpectedtobemorethan2millionby20XX,_(contribute)14billiondollarstotheUSeconomy. 答案：contributing考查非谓语动词。句意：到20XX年为止到美国的游客数目有望超过两百万，会对美国经济贡献140亿美元。现在分词短语在句中作结果状语。 5.Whataretheworkerstalkingabout? Theyarediscussingtheideatheoldworkerput_atthemeetingyesterday. 答案：forward考查动词短语。句意：工人们在谈论什么?他们在讨论那位老工人昨天
4、在会上提出的想法。putforward“提出”，符合句意。 6.Inthefollowingtwohours,shewas_(absorb)infilm,soshedidntnoticewhathappenedaroundher. 答案：absorbed考查动词短语意义。句意：在接下来的两个小时里，她在专心看电影，因而没有注意到周围所发生的事情。beabsorbedinsth.“全神贯注于某事”。 7.Emilyfeltverysadthatshewassuspected_providingfalsestatementsincourt. 答案：of考查动词搭配。suspectsb.of(doi
5、ng)sth.“怀疑某人做了某事”。 8.Shenzhouspacecraft,_(send)upintospaceonJune16,20XX,dockedwithTiangong1successfully. 答案：sent考查过去分词作定语。因为神舟九号和送入太空之间存在被动关系，而且动作已经完成，所以用send的过去分词表完成和被动。 9.Thenewsuspensionbridge_(design)bythefamousarchitectis_constructionnow. 答案：designed;under考查动词词义及短语搭配。句意：这位著名的建筑师设计的新悬浮桥正在建设之中。句中
6、design与suspensionbridge之间是动宾关系，故第一个空用designed，相当于whichwasdesigned;underconstruction“在建设中”为固定结构。 10._iftheseexperimentsweresuccessfullypletedwouldwethinkofgoingintohumans. 答案：Only考查短语。句意：只有当这些实验都成功完成后，我们才能考虑在人身上实验。onlyif“只有当”。 .阅读理解 Talkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytale.Butrecentscientifi
7、cstudieshaveshownthatplantsmunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.Tounderstandthem,scientistssay,wejusthavetolearntheirlanguage.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay. “Plantsareabletomunicatewithallsortsoforganisms(有机体).Theycanmunicatewithgiantbacteria,w
8、ithotherplantsandwithinsects.Theydothischemically，”saidCahill,anEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanada. Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemical“language”.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshown,forexample,thatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateaction
9、s.Plantshaveanability,forexample,tosignalpainordisfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultz,aprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissouri,sayswhenaplantsensesthatitsbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherpla
10、ntsnearby. “Theirlanguageisachemicallanguage,anditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeable,andmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwith，”Schultzexplained. “Allplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves，”Schultzrecalled.“Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthat
11、nearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,eventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.” Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant. Intheend,plantsabilitytomunicatetheirneedsandourabilitytoundersta
12、ndthemcouldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicals,cutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment. 文章大意：本文是一篇科普类文章，主要讲述了“植物的特殊语言”及功能，以及这种特殊语言对农业生产可能产生的指导意义。 1.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan_. A.municatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalway B.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintempera
13、ture C.useaveryspecialchemica1languagewhichisfamiliartous D.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals 答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Plantsareabletomunicatewithallsortsoforganisms(有机体).Theydothischemically.”可知，植物能够与其他生物通过化学方式进行交流。故答案选A。 2.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsect,theplantwill_. A.walkawayfromtrouble B.ch
14、angeitschemistrytokilltheinsect C.releaseachemicalvaporto“ask”otherplantsforhelp D.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest 答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“whenaplantsensesthatitsbeingeaten.onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvapor.”以及文章倒数第二段中的“Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.”可知，当植物被昆虫吞食的时候，植物会释放一种化学蒸汽，这种化学蒸汽能够吸引有益的昆虫来袭击害虫。故答案选D。 3.Theunderlinedword“alert”mostprobablymeans“_”. A.warnB.protect C
