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1、2019年跨文化交际英语论文 篇一：跨文化交际(英文论文) Culturaldifferencesineverydayconversations CulturaldifferencesonpolitenessbetweenwesternandChinesecanbefoundinmanyaspectsofdailymunication,includingaddressing,greetingandparting,pliments,apologies,thanks,etc. 1.GreetingandParting Whenpeoplemeetacquaintancesorfriends,peo
2、pleusuallygreeteachother.Thepurposeofgreetingistoestablishormaintainsocialcontact.Soformulaicexpressionsareoftenused,butsuchformulaicexpressionsoftencausesconflictbecauseofthegreatculturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandnativeEnglishspeakers.InEnglish,peopleoftenemploythefollowingexpressionstogreeteacho
3、ther“Goodmorning/evening/afternoon.“Fineday,isntit?”“Howseverythinggoing?”“Haveyoueatenyet?”Whatareyougoingtodo?”“Wherehaveyoubeen?”etc.Westernerstreatthemasrealquestion.WhileinChinese,wealwayssay“你吃了吗?”“你上哪里去?”“你干什么去?”toshowourconsideration.Partingmaybedividedintotwosteps.Beforethefinalprating,ther
4、eisusualaleave-taking.WesternandChinesecultureshavediversewaystodealwithleave-takings.Firstly,inEnglishsociety,duringtheclosingphaseofanencounter,from”I”perspective,reasonsforterminatingtheencounterarepresentedinmediatoryments.Typicalmentsareassociatedwithexpressionsofapology,suchas“I”amafraidImustb
5、eoff,Ihavetorelievethebaby-sitter”etc. Westernpeoplebelievethattobewillingtovisitandconversewithsomeoneistohaverespectforhim.;toterminatethevisitingisnotofonesownfreewill,butbecauseofsomeotherarrangements,thereforetheyalwaystrytomaketheirleavingsoundreluctantbyfindingsomereasonsandapologizeforittoma
6、ketheleavingacceptableforbothparties.Englishspeakersoftensignalseveraltimesbeforeleaving.“Well,itsbeennicetoseeyouagain.Idoenjoyourtalkandthelovelydinner,butImustbegoingsoon”.Thankyouverymuchforaskingmeover.Ihopewellbeabletogettogetheragainbeforelong”Consolidationinawiderrangeofmonacquaintancesalsoo
7、ccurs,inexpressionssuchas“SayhellotoJackforme”or“RemembermetoJohn”.InChinesesociety,duringtheclosingphaseofandencounter,usually,froma“you”perspective,reasonsforendingtheencounteraresetforthinmediatoryexpressions.Suchexpressionsinclude“你挺忙的，我就不多打扰了。”“你一定累了，早点休息吧，我要告辞了。”,etc.Withthisword,theymaystandu
8、pfromtheirseats.Chineseleave-takingisveryshortandquick.Westernpeoplethinkitsoabruptthattheyhavenotpreparedforit.Whilemovingtothedoor,Chineseemployexpressionsofapologylike“对不起没，打扰了。”“对不起，占用你不少时间。”ItshouldbenotedthattheseexpressionsemployedbyChinesegueststoshowconcernfortheirhostscanonlybeappropriatef
9、orbusinessvisitsintheEnglishenvironment2.AddressingBothwesternandChinesepeoplehavetwokindsofpersonalnames-asurnameandagivenname.Buttheorderandtheuseofthesenamesinthetwolanguagesaresomewhatdifferent.InChinese,thesurnameesfirstandthenthegivenname.Andpeoplelikeadd“小”beforetheirfamilyname.Suchas“小王”、“小郑
10、”、“小李”、“小徐”andsoon.Whilewesternersnamesarewrittenandspokenwiththegivennamefirstandthefamilynamelast.SoJohnSmithsfamilynameisSmith,notJohn.Inaformalsetting,addressmenasMister(abbreviatedasMr.),marriedwomenasMisses(abbreviatedasMrs.),andunmarriedwomenas“Miss(abbreviatedasMs.).Thesedaysmanywomenprefert
11、obeaddressedusingtheabbreviationsMs.orM.,pronouncedmiss.IfthepersonhasanM.D.orPh.D.,theywilloftenbeaddressedasDoctor (abbreviatedasDr.).FacultyareaddressedasProfessor(abbreviatedasProf.).Inaninformalsituation,westernerswillintroduceeachotherbyfirstname,withouttitles,andoccasionallybyjustthelastname.
12、Ifyouareintroducedtosomebodybyfirstname,youcanaddresshimorherbyfirstnamethenexttimeyoumeet.Theonlyexceptionwouldbeforsomeonewhoholdsanimportantposition,suchastheuniversitypresidentorprovost.Unlesstheytellyouotherwise,facultyshouldbeaddressedusingtheirtitleandlastname(e.g.,ProfessorSmith).WheninDoubt
13、,usetheformalmannerofaddress,sinceitisbettertoerronthesideofformality.Itisalsoappropriatetoaskhowtheyprefertobeaddressed.Childrenshouldalwaysaddressadultsintheformalfashion,usingtheirtitleandlastname. Anotherdifferenceisabouttheformofaddressing.Fromtheviewpointofsociolinguistics,formsofaddressingcan
14、serveasanindicationoftherelationshipofpowerandsolidarityinthesociety.Incallingtheirsuperiorsorelders,theChineseareaccustomedtothenoeciprocalorasymmetricaladdressing,inotherwords.Theyuse“title+surname”toaddresstheirsuperiororeldersratherthancallthemsurnames,whilethesuperiororelderscalltheaddressersth
15、eirnames.TheChinesetendtoabidebythepoliteprincipleofdepreciatingoneselfandrespectingotherstoshowappropriaterespectstowardsthepersonsbeingaddressed,otherwise,theaddressermaybeconsideredasillmannered,illeducatedorrude.ButinEnglishspeakingcountries,peoplehaveatendencytofollowthereciprocalorsymmetricala
16、ddressing.Althoughtheyaredifferentinageandstatus,theycancalltheotherdirectly,namely,theirnames,evenfirstnamesexceptwhentheycallthedoctors,notarousingoffencebetweenthem,butdemonstratingthesenseofintimacyandtheconceptionof”Everyoneiscreatedequal”.Chinesepeoplefeelunnaturaladdressingawesternerbyhisgivenname,feelingthatitindicatestooclosearelationship,andwesterners,ontheotherhand,mayfeelthatifaC
