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1、 摘 要 党章是党的根本大法。党的性质是马克思主义党建学说首要的根本的问题，是区别于其他政党的标志，也是党章中的重要内容之一。对党的性质认识程度的高或低，随着形势的变化会出现对或错的判断，这些都直接会反映到党章中来。对党章中党的性质的认识，反映了党的建设学说的发展状况，也反映了党的革命、建设、改革事业的发展进程。 中国共产党从 1921 年 7 月诞生之日起至今，历经了艰难困苦地革命、艰辛曲折地探索、披荆斩棘地改革，先后制定了 16 部党章。党随着形势和任务的变化，随着实践经验不断地丰富和自身理论不断地提高，党章的内容随之得到不断地修改和完善，党章中党的性质的表述也因此在理论上不断地发展、认识
2、上不断地深化。从无产阶级的先进性到无产阶级的急先锋；从代表人民的利益到成为阶级斗争的工具；从一个先锋队、一个核心到“两个先锋队”、“三个代表”重要思想的崭新概括。其间，既有丰富理论和实践经验上的科学总结，也有因理论和认识上的失误而导致的迂回曲折。党章中党的性质表述的变化昭示着党由弱小到壮大，由幼稚到成熟。 党的实践经验证明，党章中党的性质表述的变化关系到党自身的巩固和发展，关系到党的革命、建设、改革事业的兴衰成败。因此，党的事业成败的关键在于能否坚持党章中科学表述的党的性质。而坚持党章中表述的党的性质，必须科学全面地认识党的性质；必须坚持马克思主义与中国国情相结合；必须与时俱进、不断创新；必须
3、不断地加强党的自身建设； 必须坚持阶级基础与群众基础的统一。只有做到这些，才能永葆党的生命力，才能继续推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业的顺利发展。 关键词：党章，党的性质，变化，启示ABSTRACT The party constitution is the fundamental law of the Party. The nature of the party not only is the first and fundamental problem of the Marxism theory on party building, but also a symbol that distingu
4、ishes the Party from other parties and an important part of the party constitution. With the change of situation, the awareness of the nature of the party, whether high or low, right or wrong, will be directly reflected in the party constitution. The awareness of the nature of the party in the party
5、 constitution reflects not only the development of the party building theory and but also the development process of the revolution, construction and reform of the party. Even since its birth in July, 1921, the CPC has gone through tough revolution, zigzag exploration and reformation by overcoming a
6、ll the obstacles, during which it has successively formulated 16 party constitutions. With the change of situation and the tasks and the accumulation of the practical experience and the improvement of theoretical preparation, the content of the party constitution has also undergone constant improvem
7、ent and perfection. The formulation of the nature of the party in the party constitution has also gone through constant theoretical development and deeper recognition, such as its development from the advancement of the proletariat to the daring vanguard of the party, from representatives of the int
8、erest of people to the tool of class struggle, from a vanguard, a core to two vanguards, the important thoughts of three represents. During this process, there is not only scientific summary of the theoretical and practical experience of the party but also the twists and turns because of the mistake
9、s in theory and understanding. The changes of the formulation of the nature of the party in the party constitution declare publicly the development of the party from weak to strong and from nave to mature. The practical experience of the party proves that the formulation of the nature of the party i
10、n the party constitution not only relates to the consolidation and development of the party but also the prosperity or decline of the revolution, construction and reform course of the party. Therefore, the success or failure of the cause of the party is to a large extent determined by the scientific
11、 formulation of the nature of the party in the party constitution. The adherence to the formulation of the nature of the party in the party constitution requires a thorough and scientific understanding of the nature of the party, the integration of the Marxism and Chinas actual condition, advancemen
12、t with the times and constant innovation. At the meantime, the Party must strengthen its own construction and sticks to the unity of class foundation and mass base. Only in this way can the Party keep its vitality and continue to push forward the smooth development of the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. KEY WORDS : the party constitution,the partys nature,Change,Enlightenment 目 录 摘 要ABSTRACT导言.1 （一）研究对象、意义 .1 （二）研究现状 .2 一、党章与党的性质.3 （一）党章 .3 （二）党的性质 .4 （三）党章与党的性质 .5 二、党章中党的性质表述变化的历程.
