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1、IASPEI STANDARD SEISMIC PHASE LIST (DRAFT)At its meeting in Hanoi, August 23, 2001 the IASPEI Commission on Seismological Observation and Interpretation decided to set up a Working Group on Standard Seismic Phase List. The final product of the WG is supposed to be recommended by the IASPEI for use i
2、n data exchange between seismic observatories, local, regional, and international data centres. The members of the WG are (in alphabetical order): R.Adams, P.Bormann, R.Engdahl, J.Havskov, B.Kennett, J.Schweitzer, and D.Storchak (Chairman).Please send your comments/suggestions to dmitryisc.ac.ukCRUS
3、TAL PHASESPg At short distances, either an upgoing P wave from a source in the upper crust or a P wave bottoming in the upper crust. At larger distances also arrivals caused by multiple P-wave reverberations inside the whole crust with a group velocity around 5.8 km/s.P* (alt:Pb) Either an upgoing P
4、 wave from a source in the lower crust or a P wave bottoming in the lower crust below the Conrad discontinuity (Conrad)Pn An upgoing P wave from a source between the Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho) and the base of the asthenosphere or any P wave bottoming in the upper mantle not deeper than the bas
5、e of the asthenospherePnPn Pn free surface reflectionPgPg Pg free surface reflectionPmP P reflection from the outer side of the MohoPmPN PmP multiple free surface reflection; N is a positive integer.For example, PmP2 is PmPPmPPmS P to S reflection from the outer side of the MohoSg At short distances
6、, either an upgoing S wave from a source in the upper crust or an S wave bottoming in the upper crust. At larger distances also arrivals caused by superposition of multiple S-wave reverberations and SV to P and/or P to SV conversions inside the whole crust. The maximum energy of this wave travels wi
7、th a group velocity around 3.5 km/s and is called Lg.S* (alt:Sb) Either upgoing S wave from a source in the lower crust or an S wave bottoming in the lower crust below the ConradSn An upgoing S wave from a source between the Moho and the base of the asthenospere or any S wave bottoming in the upper
8、mantle not deeper than in the asthenosphereSnSn Sn free surface reflectionSgSg Sg free surface reflectionSmS S reflection from the outer side of the MohoSmSN SmS multiple free surface reflection; N is a positive integer.For example, SmS2 is SmSSmSSmP S to P reflection from the outer side of the Moho
9、Lg See SgRg Short period crustal Rayleigh wave MANTLE PHASESP A longitudinal wave, bottoming below the asthenosphere; also an upgoing longitudinal wave from a source below the asthenosperePP Free surface reflection of P wave leaving a source downwardsPS P, leaving a source downwards, reflected as an
10、 S at the free surfacePPP analogous to PPPPS PP to S converted reflection at the free surface; travel time matches that of PSPPSS PS reflected at the free surfacePcP P reflection from the core-mantle boundary (CMB)PcS P to S converted reflection from the CMBPcPN PcP multiple free surface reflection;
11、 N is a positive integer.For example PcP2 is PcPPcPPz+P P reflection from outer side of a discontinuity at depth z; z may be a positive numerical value in km. For example P660+P is a P reflection from the top of the 660 km discontinuity.Pz-P P reflection from inner side of discontinuity at depth z.
12、For example, P660-P is a P reflection from below the 660 km discontinuity, which means it is precursory to PP.Pz+S P to S converted reflection from outer side of discontinuity at depth zPz-S P to S converted reflection from inner side of discontinuity at depth zPScS P (leaving a source downwards) to
13、 ScS reflection at the free surfacePdif (old:Pdiff) P diffracted along the CMB in the mantleS A shear wave, bottoming below the asthenosphere; also an upgoing shear wave from a source below the asthenospereSS Free surface reflection of an S wave leaving a source downwardsSP S, leaving source downwar
14、ds, reflected as P at the free surfaceSSS analogous to SSSSP SS to P converted reflection at the free surface; travel time matches that of SPSSPP SP reflected at the free surfaceScS S reflection from the CMBScP S to P converted reflection from the CMBScSN ScS multiple free surface reflection; N is a
15、 positive integer.For example ScS2 is ScSScSSz+S S reflection from outer side of a discontinuity at depth z; z may be a positive numerical value in km. For example S660+S is an S reflection from the top of the 660 km discontinuity.Sz-S S reflection from inner side of discontinuity at depth z. For ex
16、ample, S660-S is an S reflection from below the 660 km discontinuity, which means it is precursory to SS.Sz+P S to P converted reflection from outer side of discontinuity at depth zSz-P S to P converted reflection from inner side of discontinuity at depth zScSP ScS to P reflection at the free surfaceSdif (old:Sdiff) S diffracted
