Chinese Traditional Hermits,英语一班 何川 201224310101,,A hermit is a person who lives, to some degree, in seclusion【隔离，隐退】 from society.In modern colloquial 【通俗的】usage, the term “hermit” denotes【表示】 anyone living a life apart from the rest of society, or who simply does not participate in social events ，or including the misanthrope【厌恶人类的人】definition,Man has gradually emerged from barbarism into civilization over the long history. however , as it is with urbanization【城市化】and counter urbanization【逆城市化】，There are always be those who do not Keep pace with the time. Such as Tao Yuanming, Lin pu, Tang yin, Meng Haoran and so on.,preface,,Tao Yuanming,Life: Tao Yuanming was born during the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420), which was a time of military【好战的】 uncertainty and political infighting【内讧】. However, he would live into the times of the succeeding Nan Song Dynasty, one of the southern kingdoms.,,陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。
汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》《归园田居》《桃花源记》《五柳先生传》《归去来兮辞》等,Career,He ended up serving more than ten years in governmentservice,personally involved with the sordid【肮脏的】 political scene of the times. He served in both civil and military capacities【军事能力】, which included making several trips down the Yangzi to the capital Jiankang,then a thriving-metropolis, and the center of power during the Six Dynasties.,poems,Tao‘s simple and plain style of expression, reflecting his back-to-basics lifestyle, first became better known as he achieved local fame as a hermit，this was followed gradually by recognition in major anthologies【诗词选集】. By the Tang Dynasty, Tao was elevated to greatness as a poet’s poet, revered【推崇】 by Li Bai and Du Fu.,归园田居 少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。
误落尘网中，一去三十年 羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊 开荒南野际，守拙归田园方宅十余亩，草屋八九间 榆柳荫后椋，桃李罗堂前 暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟 狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠 户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲 久在樊笼里，复得返自然林逋,Lin Bu [967一1028]was a Chinese poet during the Northern Song Dynasty. He never served as government official, of course, he also despise【不屑】 to be an official. However , we could not say that he was a real hermit,for example: although he had lived a hermit life, a number of people came to visit him, such as emperor.,林逋（967一1028）字君复，汉族，浙江大里黄贤村人（一说杭州钱塘）幼时刻苦好学，通晓经史百家书载性孤高自好，喜恬淡，勿趋荣利长大后，曾漫游江淮间，后隐居杭州西湖，结庐孤山。
常驾小舟遍游西湖诸寺庙，与高僧诗友相往还每逢客至，叫门童子纵鹤放飞，林逋见鹤必棹舟归来作诗随就随弃，从不留存1028年（天圣六年）卒其侄林彰（朝散大夫）、林彬（盈州令）同至杭州，治丧尽礼宋仁宗赐谥“和靖先生”achievement,,Lin Bu was offered prestigious government posts, although he refused all civic【城市的】 duties in pursuit of his poetry. Long after he died, Lin‘s eccentric【古怪的】 attitude and his works retained a vivid place in Song cultural imagination and later works.,林逋,善绘事，惜画从不传工行草，书法瘦挺劲健，笔意类欧阳询、李建中而清劲处尤妙 长为诗，其语孤峭浃澹，自写胸意，多奇句，而未尝存稿风格澄澈淡远，多写西湖的优美景色，反映隐逸生活和闲适情趣陆游谓其书法高绝胜人苏轼高度赞扬林逋之诗、书及人品，并诗跋其书：“诗如东野（孟郊）不言寒，书似留台（李建中）差少肉。
黄庭坚云：“君复书法高胜绝人，予每见之，方病不药而愈，方饥不食而饱明沈周诗云：“我爱翁书得瘦硬，云腴濯尽西湖绿西台少肉是真评，数行清莹含冰玉宛然风节溢其间，此字此翁俱绝俗林逋书法存世作品仅3件，《自书诗帖》是其中篇幅最长者.,“靖和先生”,唐寅,Tang Yin (Chinese: 唐寅; pinyin: Tang Yin; Cantonese【广东话】 Yale【神话动物】: Tong Yan; 1470–1524), courtesy name Tang Bohu (唐伯虎), was a Chinese scholar, painter, calligrapher【书法家】, and poet of the Ming Dynasty period whose life story has become a part of popular lore【口头禅】. Even though he was born during Ming Dynasty, many of his paintings (especially paintings of people) were illustrated with elements from Pre-Tang to Song Dynasty,career,Tang Yin is one of the most notable painters in Chinese art history. He is one of the “Four Masters of Ming Dynasty” (Ming Si Jia), which also includes Zhu Zhishan (1427–1509), Wen Zhengming (1470–1559) and Xu Zhenqin (ca. 1495-1552). Tang was also a talented poet. Together with his contemporaries【同代人】 Wen Zhengming (1470–1559), Zhu Yunming.,For Chinese intellectuals, reclusion represents an alternative way of life as against a bureaucratic【官僚的】 career, though they opted for the latter for certain reasons. Compared with the political life which meant much undertaking, responsibility, and risks, the recluse【隐士】 culture manifested the intellectuals’ longing for individual freedom as is often closely associated with Chinese Taoism【道家】,conclusion,And perhaps thanks to this freedom enabled by reclusion, many recluses had great achievements in Chinese elite【精华】 culture: literature, painting, music, calligraphy, philosophy, academic studies, etc.,。