《基本句型之二主语》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《基本句型之二主语（13页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、基本句型之二主语+系动词+表语1.S(主语)+be+名词，形容词，介词短语词序1 主语2 系动词3 表语即句子的主体用于连接主语和表语表示主语身份、状态以及所处的位置词性* 名词代词Be(is, am, are)* 名词 形容词介词+*名词 (介词短语)主语（主语（ Subject ）：主语是一句话的中心，表示所说的是谁或是什么，其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。主语主要由名词、名词化的形容词、动名词、不定式、数词、代词、形式主语it或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。）表语（表语（ Predicative ）：表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的。它又叫作主语补足语。表语位于系动词之后
2、，主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词（短语）或动名词（短语）等来充当。）系动词(1) 状态系动词：只有be一词。如：These shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋我穿太小。动词be，若是用于进行时态或者被动语态，则不是系动词，而是助动词。I am playing basketball.He is hit by one brick.(2) 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand。如：I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你身体好。He always kept si
3、lent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。(3) 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：He looks tired. 他看起来很累。He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。She appeared puzzled. 她显得迷惑不解。(4) 感官系动词：表示“起来”，有feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等。This kind of cloth feels very
4、soft. 这种布摸起来很软。They all look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样。This food tastes good. 这菜好吃。(5) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run如：Shes growing fat. 她正在发胖When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到这，脸红了。He went mad. 他疯了。(6) 终止系动词：主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是) 等。His story proved false.
5、他讲的情况原来是假的。His advice proved sound. 他的劝告证明是对的。My idea turned out （to be） correct. 我的观点证明是对的。基本句型三：+O（主语+谓语+宾语）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 （及物动词）句意1. Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？ 2. She smiled her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。3. Hehas refused to help them. 他拒绝帮他
6、们的忙。4. He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。 5. They ate what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。 6. He said Good morning. 他说：“早上好！” 一、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组mind, risk, avoid, enjoy, miss, keep, suggest, appreciate, practise, delay, finish, dislike, excuse, imagine, consider, forbid, escape ，admit, advise, allow, put off, give up, b
7、e worth, be busy，get down to, devoteto, look forward to, be used to, lead to, succeed in, spend/waste time (in)，have a good/hard time (in) ，have difficulty /trouble (in) ，there is no use(in) 1.would appreciate_back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling-二、只接不定式作宾语的词/词
8、组decide, expect, hope, wish, order, refuse, promise, pretend, agree, seem, attempt, fail, offer, happen, warn, afford，want, desiremake up ones mind to, be determined to ，used to, be about to, be able to, have to ，would like/love to=should like/love to-三、宾语不同、意义不同1) go on to do / go on doing2) stop t
9、o do / stop doing3) remember to do / remember doing4) forget to do / forget doing5) mean to do / mean doing6) regret to do / regret doing7) try to do / try doing8) cant help (to) do / cant help doing-The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot_. A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D
10、.having turned it offHe didnt remember_him before. A.having met B.have met C.to meet D.to having met-四、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大begin , start, continue, like, love, hate ，preferI prefer staying home to going out.I prefer to stay home rather than go out.五、宾语不同、语态不同、但意义相同need, require, want, deserveThe room requires to be cleaned. =The room requires cleaning.This sentence needs_. A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved-四 +IO +D(主谓间宾直宾)目标：1.了解主谓双宾句型，并能分析句子结构 2.能把双宾结构变成介词加宾语结构Step1 基本结构此句型中，谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾
