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1、Unit5Section One Tactics for ListeningPart2 listening and Note-takingReadingB: When should a child start learning to read and write? This is one of the questions I am most frequently asked. There is no hard and fast rule, for no two are alike, and it would be wrong to set a time when all should star
2、t being taught the ins and outs of reading letters to form words. If a three-year-old wants to read (or even a two-year-old for that matter), the child deserves to be given every encouragement. The fact that he or she might later be bored when joining a class of non-readers at infant school is the t
3、eachers affair. It is up to the teacher to see that such a child is given more advanced reading material. Similarly, the child who still cannot read by the time he goes to junior school at the age of seven should be given every help by teachers and parents alike. They should make certain that he is
4、not dyslexic*. If he is, specialist help should immediately be sought. Although parents should be careful not to force youngsters aged two to five to learn to read (if badly done it could put them off reading for life) there is no harm in preparing them for simple recognition of letters by labelling
5、 various items in their room. For instance, by a nice piece of cardboard tied to their bed with BED written in neat-big letters. Should the young child ask his parents to teach him to read, and if the parents are capable of doing so, such an appeal should not be ignored. But the task should be under
6、taken gently, with great patience and a sense of humour. Reading should never be made to look like a chore and the child should never be forced to continue, should his interest start to flag*.Exercise A:1. There is no hard and fast rule, for no two are alike.2. The fact that he or she might later be
7、 bored when joining a class of non-readers at infant school is the teachers affair.3. If badly done it could put them off reading for life4. But the task should be undertaken gently.5. Reading should never be made to look like a chore.Exercise B:It would be wrong to set a time when a child should st
8、art learning to read and write. Parents should encourage youngsters aged two to five to read if they show interests in it, but never force them to learn to read. He or she might later be bored when joining a class of non-readers at infant school. Then it is up the teacher to see that such a child is
9、 given more advanced reading material. Similarly, if a child cannot read at the age of seven teachers and parents should make certain that he is not dyslexic. If he is, specialist help should immediately be soughtParents should not ignore the young childs appeal to teach him to read. But the task sh
10、ould be undertaken gently, with great patience and a sense of humour Reading should never be made to look like a chore and the child should never be forced to continue, if his interests start to falgSection Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Digital SoundMusicMIKE: Wow! Nice. CDs
11、have such good sound. Do you ever wonder how they make CDs?KATHY: Well, they get a bunch of musicians together, and they sing and play.MIKE: Come on. You know what I mean. Why is the sound quality so good? I mean, why do CDs sound so much clearer than cassette tapes?KATHY: Actually, I do know that.M
12、IKE: Really?KATHY: Its all based on digital sound. CDs are digital. Digital sound is like several photos, all taken one after another. Its kind of like pictures of sound. The intensity of the sound how strong it is - is measured very quickly. Then its measured again and again. When we hear the sound
13、, it all sounds like one long piece of sound, but its really lots of pieces close together. And each piece is really clear.M1KE: So digital is like lots of short pieces of sound.KATHY. Exactly. This is different from analog* - thats how they used to record. Analog is more like one wave of sound. It
14、moves up and down with volume and pitch. Anyway, analog is like a single wave. Digital is like a series of pieces.MIKE: OK, I understand that. But how do they make the CDs?KATHY: I told you, Mike. They get a bunch of musicians together, and they sing and play.MIKE: Kathy !KATHY: No. What really happ
15、ens is first they do a digital recording - on videotape.MIKE: On videotape.KATHY: Yeah, they use videotape. So then the videotape is played through a computer.MIKE: OK. What does the computer do?KATHY: Well, the computer is used to figure out the pieces of sound we were talking about; how long every
16、thing is, how far apart spaces are.MIKE: OK. So the computer is figuring out those separate pieces of sound.KATHY: Yeah. They need to do that to make the master.MIKE: The master?KATHY: The master is the original that all the other CDs are copied from. Its made of glass. Its a glass disk that spins around - just like a reg
