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1、Unit 3 The Million Pound Note Grammar,高一人教新课标版必修三,Noun Clauses,指出下列 在句中所做的成分。 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power . 3.We Chinese are peace-loving.,subject(主语）,object（宾语）,predicative（表语）,subject,subject,apposition （同位语),predicative,名词,主语,His job is important.,What he does is important.,主语从
2、句,宾语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,宾语从句,表语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,表语从句,同位语,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,同位语从句,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句 subject clause,宾语从句 object clause,表语从句 predicative claus
3、e,同位语从句 appositive clause,什么叫名词性从句？,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。,名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,名词性从句中的连接词有: 连词: that / whether /if 连接代词: what /who/which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever 连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever,I know him . I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,(简单句),主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连
4、词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,(复合句),一、Object Clauses 宾语从句,I.句子结构： 主句+连词(引导词)+宾语从句,1.Oliver believes _ with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London. 2. It is Henry , an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know _ he should do. 3. May we ask what youre doing in this count
5、ry and _ your plans are? 4. I dont know _ I could survive until morning. 5. Im afraid _ its very funny. 6. Please pay more attention to _ he said,that,what,what,whether,(that),what,连词由that在从句不作任何成分, 也没有任何 具体意思, 常省略。,II. 连词的作用,1. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 2. The reason lie
6、s in that she works harder than the others do. 3. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况 下不能省略： 当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作 宾语时, 第二个that不能省； 当that作介词宾语时, that不可省掉。 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句。,if/whether翻译成: “是否”, 具有一定的意义, 所以不能省略。,介词+whether Whether or or not,I dont know or not I wi
7、ll stay. I worry about I hurt her feelings.,whether,whether,3) 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时, 由连接代词 (what, who, whom, which, whose) 或连接 副词(when, where, how, why)引导, 因为连接 代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分, 具有一定的意义, 所以不可以省略。,IV.语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性 从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是 “主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接 表语从句的系动词有be, look,
8、 remain, seem等。另外, 常用的还有the reason why is that 和 It is because 等 结构。,二、Predicative Clauses 表语从句,连接词: that / whether /as if /as though ( if 不 引导表语从句) 连接代词: who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词: when / where / why / how / because,The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in n
9、eed of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. Thats why I was late.,注 意：,在表语从句中, 表“是否” 时, 只能用 “whether” 不能用“if”。 2. 一般情况下，“that”不能省。 3. It is /was because It is /was why 4. The reason (why/for)is /was that 5. The reason is because /why,that .,名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句,在这种句型中, 常用表示事实, 真理的
10、名词, 如: fact, truth 或表示看法, 观点的名词, 如: idea, opinion, belief, view, feeling, suggestion, plan等作主语。,The fact is that our team has won the game. The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.,注意,表语从句的引导词与主语从句和 宾语从句相同。 但: 1. that引导表语从句时不能省。 2. if 不能引导表语从句。,1) That he will succ
11、eed is certain. 2) Whether he will go there is not known. 3) What he said is not true. 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out. 5) Whoever comes is welcome. Its certain that he will succeed. 7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8) When theyll start the project has not
12、been decided yet.,三、Subject Clause 主语从句,考点一: 主语从句后置! 为了避免主语冗长, 句子头重脚轻, 经常用it作 形式主语, 主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. That we shall be late is certain. - Its certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to all. - 2. That you missed the chance is a pity. - 由连词 whether 和 if, 连接代词 what，who，which 和连
13、接副词 when，where，why，how 等引导, 也 常常后置。,It is a pity that you missed the chance.,Its known to all that the earth is round.,It 的用法: (形式主语),Its possible/important/necessary/clear that. 很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清 楚 Its said/ reportedthat. 据说/据报道 Its been announced/declared that.已经通知/ 宣布,It seems/appears/happens. tha
14、t 显然、明显、 碰巧 Its no wonder that 并不奇怪/无疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知)/ a common saying. (俗话说),考点二 注意: 主语从句中, 谓语动词一般用单数； what引导的主语从句, 可根据表语决定。 What he needs is that book. What he needs are some books.,what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当 句子成分，如：主语、宾语、表语。而 that则不然，它在句子中只起连接作用。 例如： (1) What you said yester
15、day is right. (2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.,what 与 that 引导主语从句,由 that 引导: 1. That we shall be late is certain. 2. _ is known to all. (地球是圆的) 3. _ is a pity. (你错过了这次机会) that 无意义, 后接一个完整的句子。 that 不可省。,That the earth is round,That you missed the chance,注 意：,What you left are only several old books. What you said is of great importance. What he says and does doesnt concern me. What he says and does dont agree.,1. “if” 不能引导主语从句, 应由“whether”引导。 2. 主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。 3. “what”引导主语从句时, 谓语动词: 1) 常与其后的名词作表语一致 2) 根据句子的语境而定。,Homework,Recite the key sente
