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1、机械专业英语,学习要求,1、了解科技英语的表达方式和方法,能够阅读和翻译较简单的本专业相关的科技文章。 2、了解英语科技文章的结构，掌握与本专业有关的英语词汇和专业术语。 3、在学习专业英语的同时，掌握获取外文专业资料及阅读能力。,Part 1 Materials & Hot working,Lesson 4 Metals Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials Lesson 9 Casting Lesson 11 Forging,Lesson 4 Metals,Vocabulary： 1. toughness n. 韧性 2.corrosion n.腐蚀
2、3.dump v. 倾倒，堆放 4.recycle n. 铁 5. copper n. 铜 6.aluminium n.铝 7. bronze 青铜 8. alloy 合金 9. wear 磨损 10. metallic 金属的 11. specification 操作规程，技术说明,Vocabulary： 12. extract 提炼 13. iron 铁 14.carbon n.碳 15.ferrous a. 铁的；二价铁的 ferrous metals 黑色金属 16.nonferrous metals 有色金属 17.lead n.铅 18.zinc n.锌 19.tin n.锡 20
3、.ore n.矿；矿砂 21.impurity n.杂质；不纯 22.mineral a. 矿物的,翻译技巧1翻译标准与过程,翻译标准 准确明白 通顺严密 简练全面 翻译过程 理解阶段 表达阶段 校核阶段,Metals and Ferrous Metals,Metals are divided into two general types-ferrous and nonferrous. Ferrous metals are those which contain iron. Nonferrous metals are those which do not contain iron. Howev
4、er, some nonferrous metals may contain a small amount of iron as an impurity. Steel and cast iron are the most common ferrous metals in general use. Steel is an alloy containing chiefly iron, carbon, and certain other elements in varying amounts. A wide range of physical properties may be obtained i
5、n steel by controlling the amount of carbon and other alloying elements and by subjecting the steel to various heat treatments.,Plain carbon steel usually contain, besides iron and carbon, small amounts of silicon, sulphur, phosphorus（磷）, and manganese（锰）. Alloy steels are formed by the addition of
6、one or more of the following elements: nickel（镍）, chromium（铬）, molybdenum（钼）, vanadium（钒）, tungsten（钨）, manganese, silicon, and small amounts of other alloying elements. Low-carbon steels are usually used for low-strength parts requiring a great deal of forming. Medium-carbon steels are used for for
7、gings and other applications where increased strength and a certain amount of ductility are necessary. High-carbon steels are used for high-strength parts such as springs, tools, and dies. The following list is a classification of ferrous materials according to the carbon content. Ferrous Material C
8、arbon Content Low-carbon steel 0.04 to 0.30% Medium-carbon steel 0.30 to 0.60% High-carbon steel 0.60 to 1.70%,Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials,Vocabulary： preferable a. 更可取的 traditional a. 传统的；惯例的 corrode vt. 腐蚀 inorganic a. 无机的；inorganic acid 无机酸 sulphuric a. 硫的 sulphuric acid 硫酸 hydrochloric
9、 a. 盐酸的；氯化氢的；hydrochloric acid 盐酸 deform v. （使）变形 solvent a. 溶解的；溶剂的 tetrachloride n. 四氯化物 rigid a. 刚性的,Vocabulary： decoration n. 装饰；装布景 fabricate vt. 制造，生产 injection moulding 注射模塑法 blow moulding 吹塑法 compression moulding 压型法 extrusion n.挤压 vacuum forming 真空成型 power metallurgy 粉末冶金 constituent 组成，组元
10、simultaneously 同时 subsequently 随后 coherent 协调一致的 fusion 熔化 crystalline 结晶 sinter 烧结,翻译技巧2词义选择法,根据学科、专业选择词义 “carrier” 词义：“搬运工”（交通）“支架”（机械）“母舰”（军事）“载体”（化学） 根据上下文选择词义 “article” 词义：文章；本文“器件”； develop：In order to develop our electronic industry, we must lay stress on the development and production of ICs
11、. 根据搭配习惯选择词义 large: large loads (重载）；a large pressure(高电压） a large current(强电流）,General Properties of Nonmetallic Materials,Nonmetallic materials have varied properties, and few characteristics are applicable to all of them. Two that are most universal are low electrical and heat conductivity. With
12、the exception of carbon, nonmetallic materials, when dry, are nonconductors. Nonmetallic materials are usually less tough and less strong than metals, except that the inorganic materials normally have very high compressive strengths. The inorganic materials also have superior high-temperature proper
13、ties. Resistance to corrosion is a common property with many nonmetallics. Ease of fabrication is a property shared by polymers, wood, and some other organic materials.,Lesson 9 Casting,Vocabulary： casting 铸造 diecasting 模铸 foundry 铸造 pour 浇注 suitability 适应性 pig iron 生铁 cupola 化铁炉 erosion腐蚀 ladle 铁水包
14、,Vocabulary： 10 graphite 石墨 11. solidify 使凝固 12. disjoin 拆散，分开 13. ingot （钢）锭 14. destructive 破坏性的 15.retard 使延缓，推迟 16. solvent 溶剂 17. copper-base alloy 铜基合金,翻译技巧3词义引申法,1、技术性引申 Casting is the introduction of molten metal into a cavity(型腔） or mold. 2、修饰性引申 This machine is simple in design(结构), yet it
15、 is efficient in operation. 3、具体化引申 The major contributors(作用) in component technology have been in the semiconductor. 4、抽象化引申 VLSI is still in its infancy(发展初期）.,Definition of Casting,Casting is the introduction of molten metal into a cavity or mold where, upon solidification, it becomes an object
16、whose shape is determined by mold configuration. Casting offers several advantages over other method of metal forming: it is adaptable to intricate shapes, to extremely large pieces, and to mass production; it can provide parts with uniform physical and mechanical properties through out and , depending on the particular material being cast, the design of the part, and the quantity being produced, its economic advantages can surpass
