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1、名词性从句1. 定义：从句在句子中充当名词。2. 分类：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。（从句在句中充当成份）3. 连接词：1） 连词：that(无意义，不充当成份)，if/wether (无意义，是否的意思)2） 连接代词：what(充当主，宾，表，什么)，who(主宾表，指人)，whom,(宾，指人)which（主宾表，定，哪一个），whose（定语，哪一个）3） 连接副词：when(时间状语，什么时候)，where（地点状语，什么地方），why (原因状语，为什么)，how (方式状语，怎么样，如何)4） 复合连词：whatever（不管什么），whoever(不管是谁)，wh
2、ichever（不管哪个），whomever（不管是谁），whenever（不管什么时候），wherever（不管什么地方），however（不管怎样）一， 主语从句1. 定义：从句在句中充当主语，常位于句首或者动词be动词之前Eg:他获得一得奖一事使他很兴奋。 That(不充当成份，无意思)he got the first price excited him. 她能来我们很高兴。 That she was able to come made us happy. 我们是否能准时到达那儿还不确定. Whether we can get there on time is doubtful. 我们如
3、何处理这个问题还未作出决定。 What we should do with the problem is undecided. 我们所需要的是时间。 What we need is time. 对她来说，最重要的是她的家庭。 What is important to her is her family. 谁去都是一样的。、 Who will go makes no difference. 哪一组赢得比赛还不知道。 Which team will win the game is still unknown. 她去哪了还是个迷 Where she has gone is a mystery. 这个
4、怎么发生的还不清楚。 How this happened is not clear. 他们什么时候开始还不知道。 When they will start is still unkown yet. Whatever you said would made her angry. Whoever comes first should get a present.2. 形式主语：1).that 引导的从句做主语时候，为了避免头重教轻，常用It 做形式上的主语而将That从句放句末。Eg: That(不充当成份，无意思)he got the first price excited him. = It
5、excited him that he got the first price.2).常见的形式主语结构1.It + 系动词 +形容词 + That从句：It is clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.2.It + 系动词 +名词 + That从句：（a pity,a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder奇迹, no wonder难怪，good news） It is a pity that y
6、ou didnt attend their wedding. It is no wonder that you have achieved so much success.3. It + 系动词 +动词过去分词 + that(expected,reported,thought,decided,announced) It is said that no passengers were injured in the accident. It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out.4. It + 特殊动词 + tha
7、t 从句（常用动词seem，appear显得，happen，matter，turn out,occure to sb某人突然想起） It seems to me that he objects to the plan. It happened that I met an old friend on the street yesterday.二， 表语从句1. 定义：充当表语，位与系动词（常常是Be） 动词之后。Eg: The fact is that we should depend on ourselves. The question is whether we can reduce the
8、 cost of the project.2. 其它引导词：As if, as , as though此类表语从句常跟在特殊词后面，如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel.It sounds as if someone if knocking the door.You look just as you looked 10 years ago.3. reason 主语时候表语从句，用that 引导，不用Why.但是引导的定语从句用whyThe reason is that the drive was drunk.The reason why he didnt pas
9、s the exam was that he was too careless. 4 . 当主语表示“plan,advice,suggestion,order,request”等计划，命令，建议，请求时候，表语从句用 should + do My suggestion is that we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. The doctors advice is that you should lie in bed for a few days. 三， 同位语从句 1.定义
10、：从句在句中充当同位语，用来解释说明某一名词内容的从句，总是跟在一个名词后面，该名词是先行词。同位语是对句中某一成份作进一步解释，说明，与前面的词在语法上处于同等地位的成份。The news that our team has won the match is true.You have no idear how worried I was.The problem why the earth is bicoming warmer and warmer is still under discussion.Word came that he has been abroad. 2.不是所有的名词的都
11、跟同位语，只有有一定内涵内容的名词才可以跟同位语。Advice，belief，doubt，explanation，fact，fear，feeling，hope,fact,idear,feeling，word.等。四， 宾语从句(that 常常可以省略)1. 定义：从句充当宾语，位于动词或介词之后。He said that he couldnt finish his work before dusk.Do you know who is in charge of the company?I dont know when we will meet again.She is always think
12、ing of how she can do more for others.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.(介词之后的宾语从句一般用whether，而不用if)2. 形式宾语:1) feel , find ,think ,consider, make, believe等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，将That从句置后。I feel it a pity that I havent been to the party.We all find it important that we should m
13、ake a quick decision about this matter.2) 有些动词后一般不直接跟宾语从句，而补充个It,这些动词有hate,like,dislike,love,take,see to ,depend on,rely on,enjoy,appreciate,answar for , feel like, be fond of ,count on等。I take it that you dont agree with me.I will appreciate it if you can help me. 3.宾语从句的否定转移：主句动词是think，believe，imagine，suppose，consider，expect，fancy, guess等。主语是第一人称，一般现在时，从句的否定转移到主句上来。 I dont think theyll stick out to the last minute. I dont suppose thats his fault.总结名词性从句连接词的选择1. 先判断从句类型，动词，be动词前面主语从句，动词介词后面宾语从句，Be后表语从句。名词后表语从句。2. 判断从句缺什么成分：从句有及物动词，缺宾语；从句空格直接跟动词缺主语。
