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1、宾语从句讲解与练习一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, whe
2、re, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whetheror not 句式只用whet
3、her例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.I dont know _(是否) he will come to my party or not.变为陈述句语序：Is she a w
4、orker? Will they do it ?Can you answer this question? Whose pen is it ?Are there any pens on the desk? Do you speak English? Does he play football? How are you ?What are you doing ? Why are you so late ?Where do you live ? How old are you What does she like best? Whats wrong with Kate ?知识拓展:I think
5、, i believe等后接宾语从句, 如果否定的是后面的从句,一般要将主句动词改为否定形式,而从句仍然用肯定形式.这与汉语的习惯不同.I dont believe she will take part in the English evening.我相信她不会参加英语晚会.I dont think you like sports.我认为你不喜欢运动.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us what they bought in the mall
6、 yesterday.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈
7、述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.4. 宾语从句的简化1. 宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同, 且主句的谓语动词是hope ,wish,decide, agree,choose等时,从句可以简化为不定式结构.I hope that i can receive your e-mail.=i hope to receive your e-mail.2.
8、当宾语从句的主语与从句的主语相同时,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember, forget.learn等时, 从句可以简化成疑问词+不定式She doesnt know what she should do next.=she doesnt know what to do.五.宾语从句变反意疑问句如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。 I think he is a good student ，isnt he?They want to know if he is a good student ， dont they ？【中考范例】1
9、 Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2009. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived2.Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game3.I dont know when _. A. will the tra
10、in leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave4.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from1. I hear easy. Athat math isnt Bif math isnt Cwhat math is Dthat math2. She told
11、me her teacher.A.Mr Green is B.that Mr Green is C.if Mr Green was D.Mr Green was3. Do you know to that post office? A.How much is it B.how far it is C.how far is itD. how long it is4.I dont know . Awhats his name Bwhat name is his Cwhat his name is Dwhat was his name5. Do you know so worried? A.why
12、is your friend Bwhy was your friend Cwhy your friend is Dhow is your friend6. Do you know ? Awhose child he is Bwhose child is he Cwhose child is he Dwhos child he is7. He asked which picture . AIs Mikes BMikes was Cwas Mikes DMikes is8. I didnt know in the classroom. Ais she Bif she isCif was she D
13、if she was9、Does anybody know for Xian tomorrow? Aif is Licy leavingBif Lucy leaves Cthat Lucy is leavingDthat Licy leaves10、Do you know back soon? Awhen she will come Bif will she come Cif she will come Dif she comes11、I heard badly hurt. Athat his son is Bif his son was Cthat his son was Dif his s
14、on was12. Can you tell me how often to see his brother?Adoes he go Bhe goesChe go Dhe is13. The teacher didnt tell me to have a test next week.A. if we are going B. if we were going Cthat we are going D. we are going一、单项选择( )1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did( )2.
