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1、动词,动词的分类,1.be动词 2.助动词 3.情态动词 4.系动词 5.实意动词,动词的概念： 动词是表示动作或者状态的词。,一、be动词,be动词的几种形式 1） am, is ,are 2) was, were 3) being,be 动词的用法,1. 与名词，数词，形容词，介词连用 1）He is my teacher. 2) She is ten. 3) They are tired. 4) The cat is under the desk.,2. be动词在时态中的运用 1）在一般现在时中 I am a doctor. 2)在现在进行时中 We are talking.,3.在T
2、here be 句型中的用法 1）There is a pen on the desk. 2）There is some water in the glass. 3）There are some sheep in the hill.,4）There was a book on the desk yesterday. 5）There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday.,注意： 根据时态和句中名词选择be动词的适当形式。,走进名校,用be动词的适当形式填空。 This pair of gloves _for Lingling. The
3、girl _ in hospital last Sunday. They _ good students. There _ not any buses many years ago. Now , there _ lots of buses and cars in China.,二、助动词,助动词的几种形式 1）do / dont 2) does / doesnt 3) did / didnt 4) will / wont,助动词的用法,1.对句子进行疑问和否定 1）Do you get up early every day? 2) I didnt have lunch yesterday. 3
4、) Will you be back soon? 2.运用在反义疑问句中 1)He works in a school , doesnt he ? 2)She has never been there , has she?,走进名校,用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.She doesnt _ （like）eating fruit. 2.I _(not play) basketball on Saturdays. 3._ you _(sing) in the music room last night? 4.Marry _ _ _(get up) at 6:00 tomorrow. 5.-Will
5、you _ (play) with me? -No ,I wont.,三、情态动词,情态动词表示义务、能力、必要、猜测等说话人的语气和态度。 1）情态动词后面跟动词原形 2）只有时态变化，没有人称的变化,情态动词,原 形 过去式 词 义 can could 能 may might 可以（或许） must must 必须（不得不） will would 愿意 shall should 应该 need needed 需要,1. can / could 1）在表示有能力做某事时，could 是can 的过去式。 e.g.I can swim. e.g.I could swim at the age
6、of five. 2）在表示请求允许的时候两者可互换，could比 can语气更委婉。 e.g.Can I help you? e.g.Could you open the window?,2.must 1）表示义务，命令或必须。 e.g.You must finish it before 5 oclock. e.g.Must I hand it in now? 2）否定句用mustnt,否定回答用neednt。 e.g.You mustnt play in the street. -Must I clean the room now? -No, you neednt.,3.may 1）表示请
7、求、许可、可以 e.g. May I ask you some questions? e.g. May we start now? 4. should 1）表“应该” e.g. Who should I meet this afternoon? e.g. You should packpkyour bag quickly.,走进名校,用所给词的适当形式填空并翻译下列句子。 1.They can _(come) here at 6:00. 2.They may _ (ask) you a question. 3.-Can you speak English? -Yes , I_. 4. You
8、mustnt _ (play) in the street. 5.You shouldnt _ （make） noise in the library.,四、系动词,1.我们所学过的系动词 1）be-v., look, feel, smell, get, become, turn, keep 2)感观动词有：feel, look, sound, smell, taste等 2.它们后面常接形容词，构成系表结构。 1) I feel hungry. 2) He looks happy. 3)Please keep the classroom clean. 4)The bread looks ve
9、ry fresh.,走进名校,选词填空。 1.He _ healthy. 2.Tom _ happy every day. 3.The song _ nice. 4. Please _the classroom clean. 5. The dish _ delicious.,looks feels smells keep sounds,五、实义动词,1.实义动词是指具有行为意思的动词,也叫行为动词。 2.实义动词的四种形式： 原形 第三人称单数 过去式 现在分词,注意：掌握实义动词四种形式的变化规律 1）I like the book. 2) He works in the office. 3
10、) I caught a cold last week. 4) we are dancing now.,英语动词的基本形式及变化规则,1.三单形式变化规则 2. 动词-ing形式的变化规则 3. 动词过去式的构成变化规则,1.单三形式变化规则,（1）一般动词在词尾加- s, 在清辅音后读 /s / , 在浊辅音或元音后读 / z / 在t后读/ ts /, 在d后读 / dz / help helps ，swim swims,（2）以字母s, x, ch , sh 结尾的动词加- es, 读/ iz/ , 在d后读/ dz/. guess guesses， teach teaches， 以o结
11、尾的动词也加es，读/ z /。 go goes,（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词， 先变y为 i，再加-es，读/ z /。 fly flies carry carries 特殊： be is have has do does,2.动词- ing形式的构成,（1） 一般在动词末尾加-ing. go going，ask asking （2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e, 再加-ing. write writing，close closing， take taking,（3）以闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只 有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母， 再加-ing. get getting，sit s
12、itting， put putting，run running， begin beginning,3.规则动词过去式的构成,（1）一般在动词原形末尾加-ed. 结尾是e 的动词直接加-d. look looked，play played， live lived，hope hoped （2）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词， 先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed. stop stopped，plan planned， trip tripped,（3）结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词， 先变“y”为“i”再加-ed. study studied，carry carried （4）词尾加-ed的读音 *在元
13、音和浊辅音后面读为/ d / . called，moved *在清辅音后面读为/ t / . finished ,helped *在/ t / , / d /音后面读为/ id / . wanted ,shouted,(5)不规则动词过去式 常见的不规则动词的过去式有: am/is was, are were ,go went, have had, do did, get got, come came, say said, see saw put put, eat ate, take took,走进名校,*写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 stay _ make _ have_ pass_ wa
14、tch _ put_ *写出下列动词的现在分词 run skate drink_ write _ sit _ make _ shop_ skip_ *写出下列动词的过去式 like read stop open_ wake plan get draw _ do am/is come fly_ ride swim see_,单项选择 1.What are they going to _ tomorrow? A .did B. do C. does D. doing 2.-Do you _ the English party? -Yes , we do. Its relaxing. A . like B. call C. meet D. go,Thank you,
