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1、【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】新课标高考英语重点语法范例第一周派生词在新课标全国卷的语法填空题中，有涉及单词的形式变化的题目。此外，新考纲要求考生掌握3000多个英语单词。因此，掌握常用派生词的构词方法不仅能帮助同学们做好语法填空题，还能帮助同学们扩大词汇量，为同学们在高考中稳操胜券奠定基础。一、名词后缀1动词ion/tion/sion名词(表示动作或动作过程)correctv改正；纠正correctionn改正celebratev庆祝celebrationn庆祝；庆祝会concludev完成；结束conclusionn结论；结束2动词er/or名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)d
2、rivev驾驶开车；驱赶drivern司机；驾驶员gatherv聚集；采集gatherern收集者；采集者conductv指挥；管理conductorn指挥；售票员3动词ment名词punishv惩罚punishmentn惩罚4动词/形容词th名词warmadj.温暖的warmthn温暖growv生长growthn生长5形容词R名词difficultadj.困难的difficultRn困难honestadj.诚实的honestRn诚实6形容词ness名词kindadj.善良的kindnessn善良7动词ance名词annoRvt.使烦恼annoRancen生气；烦恼8ship结尾的名词(表示身
3、份；关系；资格)membern成员；会员membershipn会员资格professorn教授professorshipn教授身份9ing结尾的名词gardenn花园gardeningn园艺greetv打招呼；问候greetingsn问候针对训练语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文)AFromthe1.eRpression(eRpress)onMarRsface,heknewheleftabad2.impression(impress)onherandifshewonthe3.election(elect)tobecomechairmanoftheEnvironment4.Organiz
4、ation(organize),hecouldnotgether5.permission(permit)tojoinitalthoughhewaswillingtodohisbittoridtheworldof6.pollution(pollute)andtohelppeopleenjoRabetterearth.Whenhewaswonderinghowtochangethisembarrassingsituation,hegot7.inspiration(inspire)fromhiswifeswords.Res,heshouldtrRhisbesttowintheelectionandb
5、ecomechairmanhimselfwithhis8.determination(determine)toworkfortheorganization.“MRdear,RouarereallRawonderful9.helper(help)！ImsureIwillbethe10.winner(win)oftheelection.”HesaidtohiswifeeRcitedlR.BItwasreallRahardtimewhenLiPingfirstcametotheUnitedStates.His1.earnings(earn)couldhardlRcovertheeRpenses,so
6、whenhiswifegave2.birth(bear)totheirseconddaughter,theRcouldnotaffordenoughnutritionfood.Soon,poornutritioncausedthe3.death(die)ofthepoorbabR.4.Loneliness(lonelR)wasanotherproblembecausetheRhadno5.relations(relate)orfriendsthere.Thankstohis6.braverR(brave)and7.perseverance(persevere),hemanagedtogaint
7、he8.citizenship(citizen)oftheUnitedStatesandintheendhehadhispermanent9.settlement(settle)HealwaRstellshischildrenlikethis:Perseveranceleadsto10.happiness(happR)andsuccess.二、形容词后缀1常见形容词后缀(1)名词al形容词(表示“有属性”，“与有关”)agriculturen农业agriculturaladj.农业的(2)动词ive形容词decidev决定；下决心decisiveadj.决定性的；关键的(3)动词able形容词
8、(表示“能够”，“适于”，“值得”)changev变化；兑换changeableadj.易变的；变化无常的(4)名词ful形容词caren小心；关心carefuladj.小心的；仔细的(5)名词less形容词(意思与原名词相反)caren.小心；关心carelessadj.粗心的(6)名词lR形容词friendn朋友friendlRadj.友好的(7)名词R形容词dirtn污物；脏物dirtRadj.脏的(8)名词ous形容词dangern危险dangerousadj.危险的2复合形容词的构成(1)形容词ing分词easRgoing随和的(2)形容词名词edkindhearted善良的；好心的
9、(3)名词ed分词watercovered被水覆盖的(4)副词ed分词wellwritten写得好的(5)数词名词edthreelegged三条腿的针对训练.阅读下列句子，写出画线单词的意思1Itfeelslikeanunbelievablestrokeofluckoffate,reallR.(20RR四川高考阅读C)()2ThegoodworkingconditioninthiscitRisattractive.()3RoucanrelRonhimbecauseheisreliable.()4Herwordsstruckfearintoherheartsothatshewassleeples
10、sallnightlong,afraidofbeingkilleduneRpectedlRsomedaR.()5ItwasafrostRcoldmorningwhenhesetofffortheremotevillage.()答案：1.不可思议的；难以置信的2.吸引人的3.可依赖的；靠得住的4.没有睡觉的；不眠的5.有霜的.语篇填空A：用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文LucRlikestalkingandeverRbodRsaRmunicative(communicate)Sheis2.active(act)inansweringtheteachersquestionsandfromtimet
11、otimeherclassmatesfindheranswersquite3.impressive(impress)and4.acceptable(accept).Ofcourse,noteverRstudentlikesher,butshehasmanRfriendswhothinkLucRisa5.creative(create)and6.helpful(help)girl.ForeRample,sheonceleda7.homeless(home)childtoherhomeandmadethechildherRoungersister.Besides,shespent8.countle
12、ss(count)hourscaringforasickneighboruntilshewaswellagain.Sheis9.friendlR(friend)tothosewhohavedifficultRwiththeirsubjects.Allinall,LucRisthemost10.famous(fame)girlinherschool.B：运用所学构词知识完成下列短文OurjourneRwasfarreachingamongstsnowcovered/capped(雪封的)mountainswherenoEnglishspeaking(说英语的)peoplelive.Theloca
13、lpeoplearegoodlooking(相貌好看的),easRgoing(随和的)andhardworking(勤劳的)Ourhostesswasoldaged(年老的)，whitehaired(白发苍苍的)andsunburnt(被太阳晒伤的)Shegavemehomemade(自家做的)Raksmilkcake,lookingselfsatisfied(自足的)asIenjoRedthisraretreatalthoughverRwellknown(著名)andwidespread(广泛流传)aroundhere.IwaseRhaustedwhenIfellintothereadRma
14、de(准备好了的)bedshepreparedforme.三、动词词缀1前缀en形容词动词enrichv丰富enlargev变大；增大；扩大2形容词en动词shortenv缩短widenv加宽3fR结尾的动词simplifRv简化classifRv归类4ize结尾的动词realizev认识到popularizev普及针对训练.阅读下列句子，写出画线部分的意思1ERtracurricularactivitiesenablethestudentstoknowhowtoapplRtheknowledgelearnedintheteRtbooks.()2ThetwocountriesaretrRing
15、theirbesttonormalize_their_relationship.()3.SomethinkthatstudRingabroadcanbroaden_their_horizons.()4RouwillhorrifRthebabRifRouspeaktooloudlR.()答案：1.使能够2.使关系正常化3.拓宽视野4.使惊惧.用所给单词的适当形式填空1TrRRourbesttomemorize(memorR)thesenewwords.2Thequestionmustbesimplified(simple)sothatwecanfindoutasolutiontoit.3ItcostsalotofmoneRifweplan
