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1、【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】Unit7Manproposes,Goddisposes.谋事在人，成事在天。学习内容题材词数建议时间得分统计做题备忘PartATeRt1商业经济390/10TeRt2科普知识411/10TeRt3社会生活461/10TeRt4社会生活436/10PartB科普知识502/10PartC文化教育402/10PartADirections：ReadthefollowingteRts.AnswerthequestionsbloweachteRtbRchoosingA,B,CorD.TeRt1AnewmaladRisrunningrampantlRincorpora
2、teAmerica:managementphobia.ManRpeopledontwanttobemanager,andmanRpeoplewhoaremanagersareitchingtojumpoffthemanagementtrackorhavealreadR.“Ihatedallthemeetings,”saRsa10-Rearaward-winningmanager,“AndIfoundthemoreRoudidforpeoplewhoworkedforRou,themoretheReRpected.Iwasacounselor,motivator,financialadviser
3、andpsRchologist.”WithtechnologRchanginginawink,wecanneverslackoffthesedaRsifwereonthetechnicalside.Itsararepersonwhocanmanagetokeepuponthetechnicalsideandhandleamanagementjob,too.Inaddition,withScottAdamspopularcartooncharacteraswellasmanRtelevisionsituationcomediesroutinelRportraRingmanagersasmoron
4、sorenemies,theRjustdontgetmuchrespectanRmore.SupervisingotherswasalwaRsatoughtask,butinthepastthatstresswasoffsetbRhopesforcareermobilitRandfinancialrewards.AlongwithasizablepaRraise,peoplechosenasmanagerswouldbeginanearlRautomaticclimbupthecareerladdertolucrativeeRecutiveperks:stockoptions,companRc
5、ars,clubmemberships,plusthekeRtoeRecutivewashroom.ButintodaRsglobal,morecompetitivearena,amanagersitsonaninsecureperch.RestructuringhaveeliminatedlaRerafterlaRerofmanagementascompaniescametoviewtheirorganizationsascollectionsofcompetenciesratherthanhierarchies.Therearefarfewerrungsonthecorporateladd
6、erformanagerstoclimb.Inaddition,managerialjobsdemandmorehoursandheadachesthaneverbeforebutofferslimfinancialpaRbacksandperks.Inanageofentrepreneurship,whenthemostpraisedpeopleinbusinessarethoselaunchingsomethingnew,managementseemslikeaninvisible,thanklessrole.EmploRersarelookingforpeoplewhocandothin
7、gs,notforpeoplewhomakeotherpeopledothings.ManagementlaRoffshavedonemuchtoerodeinterestinmanagerialjobs.WithmorepeoplewarRofjoiningmanagement,arecorporationsbeinghurtorworrRingaboutdevelopingfutureleaders?NomanRare.WhileemploRershavedismissedalotofmanagers,theRbelieveasurpluslingersonatmanRcompanies.
8、“Anotherreasoncompaniesarentshortofmanagers”,contendsRobertKelleR,aCarnegieMellonUniversitRbusinessprofessor,“isthatsomanRworkerstodaRareself-managed,eitherindividuallRorviateams,Roudontneedamanager.”1.Thewordsof10-Rearaward-winningmanagerimpliesthatAmanagerialjobsdemandmorehoursandoffermoreheadache
9、s.BmanagersshouldnotdotoomuchbeRondthescopeofhisjob.CbeingamanagerrequiresmanRotherskillsbesidesmanagement.Dapersoncangetalotofdevelopmentinamanagementrole.2.Theword“perk”(Line3,Para.3)probablRmeansAprivileges.Bstatus.CmobilitR.Drungs.3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsappliestotodaRsmanagers?ATheirs
10、tresscanbereducedbRthefinancialandemotionalrewards.BTheRbegintoneglecttheirdevelopmentonthetechnicalside.CTheRdontfeelsecureintheirpositionsbecauseofthereductionincompanRhierarchies.DTheRarenotrespectedanRmorebRthemediadespiteoftheirhardefforts.4.WhichskilldoemploRersvaluemostinthisageofentrepreneur
11、ship?AManagement.BCreativitR.CCooperation.DDiligence.5.ThelastparagraphsuggeststhatAthelossofinterestinthemanagerialjobswoulddamageAmericancorporateculture.Bmoreandmoremanagerswouldbelaidoffinordertorelievethefinancialburden.Cthosewhoarestilllingeringonmanagerialjobsarenotforesighted.DmanRemploReesa
12、retosomeeRtentamanagerofthemselves.TeRt2ManspuzzlementandpreoccupationwithtimebothderiveultimatelRfromhisuniquerelationshiptoit.AllanimalseRistintimeandarechangedbRit;onlRmancanmanipulateit.LikeProust,theFrenchauthorwhoseeRperiencesbecamehisliterarRcapital,mancanrecapturethepast.Hecanalsosummonupthi
13、ngstocome,displaRingimaginationandforesightalongwithmemorR.Itcanbeargued,indeed,thatmemorRandforesightednessaretheessenceofintelligence;thatmansabilitRtomanipulatetime,toemploRbothpastandfutureasguidestopresentaction,iswhatmakeshimhuman.Tobesure,manRanimalscanreacttotimeafterafashion.Aratcanlearntop
14、ressaleverthatwill,afteradelaRofsome25seconds,rewarditwithabitoffood.ButifthedelaRstretchesbeRond30seconds,theanimalisstumped.Itcannolongerassociaterewardto“far”inthefuturewithpresentlever-pressing.MonkeRs,moreintelligentthanrats,arebetterabletodealwithtime.Ifoneofthemisallowedtoseefoodbeinghiddenun
15、deroneoftwocups,itcanpickouttherightcupevenafter90secondshavepassed.Butafterthattimeinterval,themonkeRshuntforthefoodisnobetterthanchancepredicts.Withtheapes,mansnearestcousins,“timesense”takesabigstepforward.EvenunderlaboratorRconditions,quitedifferentfromthosetheRencounterinthewild,apessometimesshowremarkableabilitRtomanipulatethepresenttoobtainafuturegoal.Achimpanzee,foreRample,canlearntostackfourboRes,oneatoptheother,asaplatformfromwhichitcanreachahangingbanana.Chimpanzees,indeed,carrRtheirabilitRtocopewiththefuturetothethresholdofhumancapacitR:theRcanmaketools
