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1、【MeiWei_81-优质适用文档】定语从句三部曲1.找出先行词；2.确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语，状语；3.选择正确的关系词。几个关系代词的基本用法thatthat:可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于whichAletter_iswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.Doyouknowthegentleman_spokejustnow?Whatisthequestion_theyaretalkingabout?Hereistheman_youwanttosee.只能用that不能用which的情况1.先行词为不定代词
2、时：all,much,everything,anything,nothing,something,none,theone.2.先行词被only,any,few,little,no,just,very,oneof等修饰时；3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时；4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时；5.先行词既有人又有物时；6.先行词是数次时；(two,ten,ahundred)7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；9.主句是Therebe结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that作关
3、系代词；10.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n./adj.;主语+系动词+adj.)即学即用1.Thewriterandhisnovel_youhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.2.Themostimportantthing_shouldbedonerightnowishowtostophimfromgoingon.3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwasthechemicalworks.4.Theresnothing_canbesaidaboutit.5.Thisisthet
4、hirdfilm_hasbeenshowninourschoolthisterm.1.YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwo_arestillalive.2.Whoistheman_isstandingatthegate?3.Thatsagoodbook_willhelpyoualot.4.Thereisstillaseatinthecorner_isstillfree.5.Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthings_hadneverbeenseenbefore
5、.逗号和介词后面不能用thatwhichwhich:指物；可作主语，宾语，状语。1.Thebook_wasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.2.Thebook_Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.3.Thefactory_hisfatherworksisfarfromhere.只能用which不能用that的情况：1.介词后面只能用which；IsthistheroominwhichMr.Whitelives?2.非限定性定语从句中。MoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtolearnEnglish,whichisbe
6、comingverypopularinourcountry.3.当关系代词后面带有插入语时；HerestheEnglishgrammarwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.4.先行词是those+复数名词.Ashopshouldkeepastockofthosegoodswhichsellbest.who,whom,whosewho:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人；whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人；whose:属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。（whose=ofwhich或ofwhom）Ilikethestudentswh
7、oworkhard.Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.Chaplin,forwhomlifehadoncebeenveryhard,wasasuccessasanactor.Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.Idlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.只能用who不能用that的情况1.先行词为anyone,anybody,those,all,one,ones,they,he,people时；Anyonewhofailedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehis
8、reason.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-fornothing.2.在非限定性定语从句中；Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3在therebe开头的句子中。Hereisaboywhowantstoseeyou.WhenWhen指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time,day,week,year,month等）HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextw
9、eek,whentheweatherwouldbebetter.when=介词+which IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.(when=onwhich) Hecameatatimewhenweneededhimmost.(when=atwhich) Wewillneverforgettheyear1949,whenthePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded.(when=inwhich)比较 Istillremembertheday_mybrotherjoinedthearmy. Istillremembe
10、rthedays_wespenttogether.先行词是时间名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用when。WhereWhere指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词。（如：place,school,factory,room等）ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.Iliveintheroomwhere/inwhichheusedtolive.where=介词+which IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.(where=inwhich) Iwouldliketoliveinacountrywheret
11、hereisplentyofsunshine.(where=inwhich)比较 Thesmallmountainvillage_wespentourholidaylastmonthisnowveryfamous. Thisisthepark_theyvisitedlastyear.先行词是地点名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用where。Why Why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason时，可用forwhich指代。Thereasonwhy/forwhich/(that)hedidntattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.比较 Idon
12、tbelievethereasonthat/whichhegaveme. Haveyouaskedhimthereasonthatmayexplainhissuccess?当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，不能用why引导。先行词在从句中做状语时，关系词才可以用when，where和why。补充当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that,inwhich,或how引导，that常可以省略。Thisisthewaythat/inwhichIdosuchthings.Pleasedotheexperimentinthewaythat/whichIhaveshownyou.(做宾语)as的用法Hewasa
13、foreigner,_Iknewfromhisaccent.A.thatB.asC.whereD.why如为限制性的，多用于thesameas;thesameas；suchas;asmany/muchas；soas等结构中。Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).Herattitudetohimwasquitethesameasithadalwaysbeen.比较：Iliveinthesamehousethatheusedtolivein.Imwearingthesameshirtasyouworeyesterday.如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句
14、首、句中或句尾，译为“正如”。（动词常为know,see,expect,pointout,etc.）Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.Smoking,asweallknow,isharmfultoonehealth.补充无论是关系代词，还是关系副词，都在定语从句中充当一定的成分，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复出现。【误】ThisisthebookthatIborrowedityesterday.【误】TheEnglishCorneristheplacewherepeopleoftengotheretopracticetheirspokenEngli
15、sh.关系词的省略在下列情况下，关系词在非正式文体中可以省略:1.关系代词that,which,who,whom在定语从句中做宾语时，常可省略。Arethesekeys(thatwhich)youwerelookingfor？Theman(who/that)Iwassittingnexttoontheplanetalkedallthetime.2以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。Idontliketheway(that/inwhich)shewalks.Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.3在thetimewhen,theplacewhere,thereasonwhy结构中，when,w
