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1、小学英语语法分类讲解，帮助您更好的掌握知识点！目 录1.“多少”须计较22.Some 与 Any23.打开“like文档”24.Be的四功能35.助动词did46.Do的四作用47.have的用法58.There be结构69.特殊疑问句610.感叹句711.选择疑问句812.how疑问句913.一般疑问句914.陈述句1015.现在进行时1016.一般将来时1117.“一般过去时”1218.“第三人称单数”1319.一般现在时自述1320.with用法全屏显示1421.并列连词“欢聚一堂”1522.for的用法小结1623.小学英语法：不定冠词”the”的八项纪律1724.名词所有格1825
2、.名词可数不可数“六注意”1826.可数名词与不可数名词19一、 “多少”须计较*【how many】后只用复数名词, 如: 你有多少本故事书?【误】How many storybook do you have? 【误】How much storybook do you have?【正】 How many storybooks do you have?他想要多少块面包?【误】 How many piece of bread does he want?【误】 How much piece of bread does he want?【正】 How many pieces of bread doe
3、s he want?*【how much】how much , 在多少的问题上，用于修饰不可数名词，你需要多少肉?【误】 How many meat do you need? 【正】 How much meat do you need?请大家评评理，看看我们到底谁对!另外，问多少钱，用How much。如：How much was your pen? 你的钢笔多少钱?How much are those things? 那些东西多少钱?二、 Some 与 Anysome和any都有一些的含义,都能修饰可数名词和不可数名词,但用法却大有不同。some 一般用在肯定句中。如: There are
4、some girls in the classroom. 教室里有一些女孩。some有时也用于疑问句,表示期望得到肯定回答,并不表示对某事有疑问。如: Will you give me some ink? 请给我一些墨水好吗?any一般用于疑问句和否定句中。如: Are there any maps on the wall? 墙上有地图吗? There arent any trees behind the house. 房子后面没有树。请用some和any填空,使句意完整。1. Are there _ bananas in the bag?2. There are _ goats under
5、the tree.3. There arent _ people on the bus.4. There are _ roses on the table. 三、 打开“like文档”like既可作动词，又可作介词。在使用它时要好好分辨它的词性。否则，还真容易混淆。下面是我为大家创建的like文档，打开它，like用法一目了然。【文档1】like作动词，意为喜欢;爱好。1.like+名词(代词)表示喜欢某人或某物。【操练】Mary likes apples a lot. 玛丽非常喜欢苹果。2.like doing (sth.) 表示喜欢做某事，它侧重于经常性地喜欢做某事。【操练】She lik
6、es reading. 她喜欢阅读。3.like to do (sth.) 表示喜欢做(某事)，它侧重于具体的、一次性的动作或行为，也表示偶然喜欢做某事。【操练】I like playing football, but I like to play basketball today. 我喜欢踢足球，但今天我喜欢打篮球。4. would like sth. / would like to do sth.表示想要某物/想要做某事。would like短语相当于want，但它比want的语气更委婉。【操练】I would like some cakes. 我想要些蛋糕。I would like to
7、 have dumplings. 我想吃饺子。5.would like sb. to do sth.表示想要某人做某事。【操练】Id like you to go shopping with me.我想要你和我一起去购物。【相关链接】表示喜欢的程度。如很(非常)喜欢，可在句式后加上a lot, a little或very much等。表示不喜欢(做某事)，可用dont / doesnt like (doing/ to do sth.)，有时我们可在其后加上at all来表示不喜欢的程度。【文档2】like作介词，意为跟一样;像。1.like后接名词、代词作宾语。【操练】Dont throw i
8、t like this. 不要像这样扔。2.like分别与be和look构成be like，look like短语意为看来像一样。【操练】She is like her mother. 她长得像她的母亲。四、 Be的四功能be是一个多功能动词，在初级英语里可见四种用法：功能一，系动词bebe为连系动词，中心词义是是，句型为主+系+表结构。be的形式常用am, is, are(现在式);was, were(过去式);will/can/may/must be(助动词/情态动词+原形);have/has/had been(助动词+过去分词)等。如：To help animals is helping
9、 people.(一般现在时)The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般过去时)It will be sunny tomorrow.(一般将来时)She has been ill for over a week.(现在完成时)功能二，助动词be助动词be，无词义，辅助主要动词一起在句中作谓语动词。用法如下：1. be+doing：构成进行时态，有现在和过去两种进行时态。如：The girls is reading and copying the new words now.Young Tom was always asking questions and tr
10、ying out new ideas.2. be+done：构成被动语态(主语是动作的承受者，done必须是及物动词)。如：Tea is grown in my hometown.(一般现在时的被动语态)This building was built three years ago.(一般过去时的被动语态)Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied already.(现在完成时的被动语态)How could this kind of cakes be made in your home?(含情态动词的被动语态)That is a day never to
11、 be forgotten.(动词不定式的被动语态)3. be+going to do，表示打算或将要做某事，be有现在和过去两种形式。如：We are going to plant trees in the park.I didnt know if she was going to come here.4. be+to do，表示按计划安排将要做某事。如：The new shop is not to be opened till next Monday.One night an angel came to Mary and told her that she was to have this
12、 special boy.功能三，there bethere be句式为：there be+主语部分+状语部分，表示某处存在某物，be常用现在时，过去时和将来时等。如：Oh, cool! And there are many things to see. There is even a deer park in Sanya.There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt.Will there be a football match in your school next week?功能四，实义be可以将be视为实义动词，因为它具有实际的词义，如成为;做;发生;举行;逗
13、留;到达等。如：His daughter wants to be a doctor for animals in her twenties.Kates birthday party will be at half past six this evening.Jim has been in China for more than two years, but he has not yet been to Yichang. 五、 助动词did1. 到底何时使用did?did和其它助动词一样，本身无意义，自己不能独立作谓语，只能和其它主要动词一起构成谓语，用于构成一般过去时的否定句和疑问句，当然也常
14、常用于代替上文中的行为动词的过去式。如:I didnt go to school last Sunday. 上周日我没上学。Did you buy a new pen yesterday? 昨天你买了枝新钢笔吗?2. did身后的动词到底用什么形式?有的小朋友总不注意did身后的动词用什么形式，在否定句和疑问句中，did身后的动词必须用原形。 他昨天没有在家吃午饭。误 He didnt had lunch at home yesterday.正 He didnt have lunch at home yesterday.3. 我能用be动词代替吗?不管怎么说，含有行为(实义)动词的一般过去时的
15、肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时，不能用be动词，必须用到did!含be动词的句子构成否定句或疑问句都绝不会让did露面! 例句：They went to the park last week. (改为否定句)误 They werent go to the park last week.正 They didnt go to the park last week. 六、 Do的四作用动词do在句中的作用可以概述为四句十二字：做实义，助动词，替前文，强语气。作用一：实义dodo作实义动词时，有do, does, did, done, doing五种形式，还有及物、不及物之分。如：1. vt. 做;研究;整理;完成。如：The old man does an hour of sport every day.She did her homework at h
