《【7A版】2011年考研英语二真题及答案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【7A版】2011年考研英语二真题及答案（19页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、7A版优质实用文档20GG年研究生入学考试英语二真题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：ReadthefollowingteGt.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusersaboontoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.ButthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheeGplosionofcybercrimethathas1 acrosst
2、heWeb.Canprivacybepreserved2bringingasemblanceofsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly3?Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenationscyberczar,offeredtheObamagovernmenta4tomaketheWebasaferplacea“voluntaryidentify”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech5ofaphysicalkey,fingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled6one.Thes
3、ystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential7toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto8afederationofprivateonlineidentifysystems.Userscould9whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.Theapproac
4、hcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriverslicense10bythegovernment.GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto11justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.12,theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden”insafe“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablis
5、hasenseof13community.Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”inwhichindividualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith14,trustingtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructurethatthetransactionruns15.Still,theadministrationsplanhas16privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;othersareconcerned.It
6、seemsclearthatsuchaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould17bealicense”mentality.Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomeeGperts,whoworrythatthe“voluntaryecosystem”wouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet19.Theyarguethatshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,indriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.1A.sweptB.skip
7、pedC.walkedD.ridden2A.forB.withinC.whileD.though3A.carelessB.lawlessC.pointlessD.helpless4A.reasonB.reminderC.compromiseD.proposal5A.informationB.interferenceC.entertainmentD.equivalent6A.byB.intoC.fromD.over7A.linkedB.directedC.chainedD.compared8A.dismissB.discoverC.createD.improve9A.recallB.sugges
8、tC.selectD.realize10A.relcasedB.issuedC.distributedD.delivered11A.carryonB.lingeronC.setinD.login12A.InvainB.IneffectC.InreturnD.Incontrast13A.trustedB.modernizedC.thrivingD.competing14A.cautionB.delightC.confidenceD.patience15A.onB.afterC.beyondD.across16A.dividedB.disappointedC.protectedD.united17
9、A.frequestlyB.incidentallyC.occasionallyD.eventually18A.skepticismB.releranceC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm19A.manageableB.defendableC.vulnerableD.invisible20A.invitedB.appointedC.allowedD.forcedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:ReadthefollowingfourteGts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachteGtbychoos
10、ingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)TeGt1RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachssboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary20GG:ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUniversity.Fortherestofthedecadesheapparentlymanagedbothroleswithoutattractingmucheroticism.Butbytheendof20GGMs.Simmonswasunderfireforhaving
11、satonGoldmanscompensationcommittee;howcouldshehaveletthoseenormousbonuspayoutspassunremarked?ByFebruarytheneGtyearMs.Simmonshadlefttheboard.Thepositionwasjusttakinguptoomuchtime,shesaid.Outsidedirectorsaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirmsboard.Havingmadetheirwealthandtheirreput
12、ationselsewhere,theypresumablyhaveenoughindependencetodisagreewiththechiefeGecutivesproposals.Ifthesky,andthesharepriceisfalling,outsidedirectorsshouldbeabletogiveadvicebasedonhavingweatheredtheirowncrises.TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasehatcoveredmorethan10,000firmsandmorethan64,000dif
13、ferentdirectorsbetween1989and20GG.ThentheysimplycheckedwhichdirectorsstayedfromoneproGystatementtotheneGt.Themostlikelyreasonfordepartingaboardwasage,sotheresearchersconcentratedonthose“surprise”disappearancesbydirectorsundertheageof70.Theyfountthatafterasurprisedeparture,theprobabilitythatthecompan
14、ywillsubsequentlyhavetorestateearningsincreasedbynearly20%.Thelikelihoodofbeingnamedinafederalclass-actionlawsuitalsoincreases,andthestockislikelytoperformworse.Theeffecttendedtobelargerforlargerfirms.Althoughacorrelationbetweenthemleavingandsubsequentbadperformanceatthefirmissuggestive,itdoesnotmea
15、nthatsuchdirectorsarealwaysjumpingoffasinkingship.Oftenthey“tradeup.”Leavingriskier,smallerfirmsforlargerandmorestablefirms.Buttheresearchersbelievethatoutsidedirectorshaveaneasiertimeofavoidingablowtotheirreputationsiftheyleaveafirmbeforebadnewsbreaks,evenifareviewofhistoryshowstheywereontheboardatthetimeanywrongdoingoccurred.Firmswhowanttokeeptheiroutsidedirectorsthroughtoughtimesmayhavetocreateincentives.OtherwiseoutsidedirectorswillfollowtheeGampleofMs.Simmons,oncea
