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1、The Renaissance Period,Historical Background Renaissance in Europe: 14th - mid-17th Slow in reaching England, Why? separation from the continent domestic unrest: 1st, Wars of the Roses: 1455-1485 (aristocrats) 2nd, Hundred Years War: 14th-15th (Bri-Fran),The old aristocracy was wiped out.,King Henry
2、 VIII of the Tudor House (1509-1547),Roman Catholic Church Church of England Religious Reformation,Queen Elizabeth (Tudor) (1558- 1603) “Balance” the rising middle class - feudal lords Protestants - Catholics 1588 English navy Spanish navy,The word “Renaissance” means revival or rebirth, and in this
3、 particular context, it means the revival of arts and sciences of ancient Greece and Rome after long years of neglect in the medieval time. “Renaissance, therefore, in essence, is a historical period. Roman Catholic Church.” Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.,Humanism: Humanism is both the
4、keynote of the Renaissance and the intellectual liberation movement. The humanists took interest in human life and human activities and gave expression to the new feeling of admiration for human beauty, human achievement.,Chief Achievements 1.Poetry: prosperous “a nest of singing birds” sonnet 2. Dr
5、ama: Marlowe, Ben Jonson, Shakespeare blank verse London- centre of drama performance,Englands Golden Age in Literature,Edmund Spenser (1552- 1599),The Faerie Queene incomplete English epic poem,This masterpiece is dedicated to Queen Elizabeth. Spenser plans 12 books, each one with a hero standing f
6、or a different moral virtue. Largely symbolic, the poem follows several knights in their adventures to test their virtues: Holiness, Friendship, Justice, Courtesy, etc. The two main characters that serves as the unity of the book are Arthur & Gloriana.,Comments on him: Spenser was the greatest non-d
7、ramatic poet of the Elizabethan Age. Spenser has been called the “poets poet”, because of his idealism, his love of beauty, and his exquisite melody. Spenser has exerted great influence on later poets.,Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593),Marlowes Education,shoemakers family in Canterbury,education,Kings
8、 School,Latin,act in classical plays,Cambridge,M. A. in 1587,Representative works:,Tamburlaine the Great (1587-1588) The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1589) The Jew of Malta (1590) “The passionate shepherd to his love”,Achievements: Marlowes greatest achievement lies in that he perfected the b
9、lank verse and made it the principal medium of English drama. His second achievement is his creation of the Renaissance hero for English drama. His work paved the way for the plays of the greatest English dramatist- Shakespeare.,Blank verse refers to verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. It i
10、s a very popular verse form in English poetry. It was extensively employed in English poetry of the Renaissance.,The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus Adapted from a popular old German legend Tired with the study of Medieval knowledge (Theology, Philosophy, Medicine, Law), Dr. Faustus turns to magi
11、c book and signs a contract with the devil Mephistopheles. He sells his soul to the devil on the condition that the latter will satisfy every demand of his for a period of 24 years.,Then a series of adventures and romances follow the signing of the contract. First his romance with a woman, then his
12、visit to Alexander the Great and later a visit from Helen of Troy. The play ends with Faustus forced surrender of his soul to the devil.,Was this the face that launchd a thousand ships, And burnt the topless towers of Ilium- Sweet Helen, make me immortal with a kiss.- Her lips suck forth my soul: se
13、e, where it flies!- Come, Helen, come, give me my soul again. Here will I dwell, for heaven is in these lips, And all is dross that is not Helena.,William Shakespeare,Born: 23 April 1564 Birthplace: Stratford-upon-Avon, England Died: 23 April 1616 Best Known As: Playwright, poet, actor,THE HOME,Gene
14、rally, his dramatic career is divided into four periods. 1) Apprenticeship: History plays Comedies 2) Individualized: History plays Comedies Tragedies,3) Great tragedies Four tragedies Dark comedies 4) Romantic tragicomedies,2 long narrative poems 154 sonnets,sonnet a lyric poem comprising 14 rhymin
15、g lines of equal length, iambic pentameters in English The English/ Shakespearean sonnet comprises three quatrains and a couplet, rhyming ababcdcdefef gg.,Archaic words thou: you (subject) thee: you (object) thy: your art: are hath: has,Sonnet 18 我能否将你比作夏天？ 你比夏天更美丽温婉。 狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残， 夏日的勾留何其短暂。 休恋那丽日当空，
16、 转眼会云雾迷蒙。 休叹那芳艳飘零， 催折于无常的天命。 唯有你永恒的夏日常新， 你的美貌亦毫发无损。 死神也无缘将你幽禁， 你在我永恒的诗中长存。 只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见， 这诗就将不朽，使你的生命绵延。,Shall I compare you to my love? You are more adorable and more brave; Ever since the first day weve met, I fell for you at first sight; Seeing you, thinking about you, missing you, Eternity is my promise for you; Two roads diverged in our journey, And sorry I could not be there for thee; If its our fate to be student and teacher, You will find me by
