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1、Period Three ,Grammar & Writing,语法专题 过去分词作定语&用于一般过去时态的时间状语,栏目索引,写作专题 写一篇游览类记叙文,语法精析,语法专题,过去分词作定语&用于一般过去时态的时间状语,一、过去分词作定语 过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是，如果是不及物动词的过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。 1.过去分词作定语的位置 (1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需要置于被修饰词之后。如： a retired worker一位退休的工人
2、 the given question给定的问题 qualified teachers合格的教师 everybody invited所有被邀请的人,注意：leave的过去分词left表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，置于被修饰词之后。如： I have only one coin left. 我只剩下一枚硬币了。 (2)过去分词短语作定语要后置，放在被修饰词之后。如： the languages spoken in Germany 在德国使用的语言 the book written in simple English 用浅显的英语写成的书,2.过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句更简短。
3、 过去分词短语作后置定语时，如果和中心词之间有逗号，则其可以转换成非限制性定语从句；若无逗号，则其可以转换成限制性定语从句。 I want to take away the book shown to me yesterday. I want to take away the book which was shown to me yesterday. 我想带走(你)昨天给我看的那本书。 The Olympic Games，first held in 776 BC，did not include women competitors until 1912. The Olympic Games，wh
4、ich were first held in 776 BC，did not include women competitors until 1912. 于公元前776年首次举办的奥运会直到1912年才允许女运动员参赛。,3.表示情感的动词的过去分词 有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)，moved(感动的)，interested(感兴趣的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)，shocked(震惊的，震撼的)，puzzled(迷惑不解的)，frightened(受惊吓的)等。如：a frightened girl一个受惊吓的女
5、孩。 4.不及物动词的过去分词 一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。如：fallen leaves落叶,5.过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成复合形容词作定语 The newlybuilt hotel was burnt in the fire. 新建的宾馆在火灾中被烧掉。,即时跟踪1 用所给动词的正确形式填空 (1)The meeting (hold) yesterday was important. (2)We planned to have our picnic in the forest
6、 next to a (fall) tree. (3)Nobody knows the topic (discuss) tomorrow. (4)The problem (discuss) now has something to do with our work.,答案,held,fallen,to be discussed,being discussed,二、用于一般过去时态的时间状语 1.一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。这时常与always，usually，often，sometimes，never等时间状语连用。 When I was a child，I ofte
7、n played football in the street. 当我还是个孩子时，我经常在街上踢足球。 I always got up late，and never had enough time for breakfast. 我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。,2.一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 你刚才去哪里了？ 3.有些情况，没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但可根据语境判断出动作发生
8、在过去，应用过去时态。 I didnt know you were so busy. 我事先不知道你这么忙。 I thought you were out.我以为你出去了。,即时跟踪2 用所给动词的正确形式填空 (1)Dont put the waste on the ground. Oh，Im very sorry.I (not，see) the dustbin there. (2)Robert (give) me his address the other day，but Im afraid I have lost it. (3)Mr Smith (come) to see you jus
9、t now. (4)We often (go) out for a walk after supper when we lived in the countryside. (5)The fire (break) out during the night.,答案,didnt see,gave,came,went,broke,.单句语法填空 1.A study of travelers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.(2015全国)
10、 2.It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015全国) 3.Is Peter coming? No，he (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.(2015重庆),答案,高考链接,conducted,arrived,changed,4.It (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.(2014新课标全国) 5.A boy on a bike (catch) my
11、 attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.(2014新课标全国) 6.Then the driver stood up and asked，“ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”(2014新课标全国) 7.Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and (stay) there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.(2014福建),答案,was
12、,caught,Did,stayed,8.The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras (return) to our shop for quality problems.(2014重庆) 9.The manager was satisfied to see many new products (develop) after great effort.(2014四川),答案,returned,developed,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.When I was a child，I hoped to live in the ci
13、ty.I think I would be happy there.(2015全国，短文改错) 2.As I tell you last time, I made three new friends here.(2015四川， 短文改错) 3.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.(2015全国，短文改错),thought,told,told,答案,4.This morning she starts barking even before 5 oclock. (2014辽宁，短文改错) 5.I had t
14、o calm myself down.Quietly I step into the room. (2013辽宁，短文改错) 6.I was only four when she passes away.(2013新课标全国，短文改错),started,stepped,passed,答案,返回,7.Do you want to know why we move last week？(2013浙江，短文改错) 8.One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake.(2013陕西，短文改错),moved,went,答案,文体指导 以旅游为题材的书面表达是比较常见
15、的一类写作形式，属于记叙文的范畴。游记就是将自己在游览过程中的所见所闻和所想记录下来，重在介绍名胜古迹、风土人情等。写这类记叙文应注意： 1.写作顺序。可以按照旅游日程的时间来写，也可以按照旅游景点的更换来组织文章，这样才能使文章条理清晰、层次清楚。,写作专题,基础点拨,写一篇游览类记叙文,2.在记叙的过程中应该加大对景点本身的描述，从历史意义、地理位置、景色等方面进行描写，这样能使文章的内容充实饱满。 3.在文章的结尾要抒发自己的体验与感受。 4.游记中动词出现的频率很高，且富于变化。动词时态以过去时为主，这一点要格外留意。 5.方位词的运用。方位词的准确运用能使文章具有鲜明的层次感和立体感
16、。,常用句式 1.Last week，I paid a visit to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with my family. 2.During the National Day，I went to Beijing for five days with my classmates and my teachers. 3.There were so many animals in the Sea Museum，and some of them looked very lovely，for example，penguins，seals and more. 4.Then，we visited the Palace Museum and the Summer P
