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1、常见词根词缀整理,1：常见的名词后缀 （1）表示“人和物” -an American historian -ian Italian Canadian politician -ant assistant accountant participant -ent student president resident -ee employee trainee -er writer speaker waiter -or actor conductor sailor -ess waitress hostess actress -ist socialist novelist scientist dentis
2、t,（2）表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词,-ability suitability probability -ibility possibility responsibility -age marriage shortage carriage -al arrival refusal revival survival -ance acceptance importance distance ignorance -ence dependence existence difference conference -dom freedom wisdom seldom -ery slavery
3、bravery discovery mastery robbery -hood childhood adulthood neighborhood -ion question construction election conduction -ition composition competition -ation modernization civilization alteration -ism pessimism optimism socialism Marxism -ment movement government encouragement -ness kindness careles
4、sness -ship friendship leadership relationship -ure exposure failure measure leisure pleasure,2：常见的动词后缀,(1)表示“使（成为）” “使化” -ate circulate decorate regulate alternate -en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten -ify classify simplify specify qualify certify -ize realize organize criticize recognize -i
5、sh astonish cherish establish finish punish polish vanish accomplish abolish,3：常见形容词后缀,（1）表示“具有性质的” -al national cultural natural -an American republican -ian Italian Canadian Christian -ant pleasant resistant distant constant -ent different confident excellent -ary necessary imaginary customary -or
6、y compulsory contradictory -ate considerate fortunate -ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese -ic heroic poetic economic -some troublesome handsome quarrelsome,(2)表示“充满或缺乏” -free duty-free care-free worry-free -ful hopeful useful wonderful helpful -less hopeless useless needless -(i)ous dangerous various a
7、nxious serious -y rainy cloudy dirty hairy trendy fishy,（3）表示“类似”,-ish childish stylish greenish -like childlike businesslike -ly brotherly friendly deadly deathly,(4)表示“主、被动意义 -able comfortable lovable capable believable portable disable -ible responsible sensible visible -ive active positive negat
8、ive passive decisive extensive expensive,(5)表示“方向” -ward downward backward forward westward eastward upward,4: 常见的副词后缀,-ly strongly successfully quickly angrily slowly -ward(s) downwards eastwards -wise clockwise likewise otherwise,常见的前缀,1：表示“否定或逆转” de- defeat defend define deform dis- disappear dis
9、agree disorder disgust in- incorrect inactive incapable inaccurate inconsiderate il- illegal illogical illiberal im- impossible immature imperfect impatient ir- irregular irrelevant irresponsible mis- misuse mislead misunderstanding non- non-stop nonsense non-violence un- unhappy unlucky unpleasant,
10、2：表示“时间顺序”,ex- ex-president ex-wife ex-husband fore- foretell forehead foresee forecast mid- middle midfield midnight midterm post- post-war postgraduate postpone pre- prepare prepay premature predict re- recall repair rebuild rewrite reconstruct,3:表示“方向或位置”,ex- export exclude expel exert in- invade
11、 include indicate indoor infect im- import immigrate imitate impact impair impel inter- international interactive interchange sub- subway subsequent substandard subtitle tele- telephone telescope telecommunication trans- transparent transport transplant translate,4:表示“程度、大小或差别”,macro- macroeconomics
12、 micro- microscope Microsoft micro-oven mini- minibus miniskirt minimum over- overwork overuse overhear super- supermarket superpower superb superstar under- underdeveloped underestimate underline undermine vice- vice-president vice-principal,5：表示“数量”,bi- bicycle bimonthly bilingual bilateral kilo-
13、kilometer kilogram kilohertz kilowatt mono- monolingual monologue monopoly multi- multiple multimedia multifunctional multinational semi- semifinal semiconductor semiconscious tri- triangle tricycle triple trilateral uni- unicycle unique universal uniform unilateral,6：变换词类的前缀,be- befriend belittle b
14、ehead en- enable endanger enjoy enlarge endear encourage enrich ensure enforce em- embrace employ embitter embody embezzle,了解一些常见的词根,1: audi =hear audience auditorium audible audition 2: ced (cess)=go precede proceed process successor successive recede exceed excess 3: cept =take except exception exceptional accept acceptance acceptable intercept recepti
