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1、Unit 3 Computers Learning about Language,1. Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice. 2. Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice. 3. Get students to become interested in grammar learning.,1. Are you familiar with these computers? Can you call
2、 them?,palmtop,laptop/ notebook,desktop PC,WW PC wrist-worn/wearable PC,A wrist-worn PC has been invented recently.,A pen-like computer has already been developed.,(1)As years have gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller. (2)A wrist-worn PC has been invented recently. (3)The sports meeting has
3、 already been held in our school.,has/have been done,现在完成时,被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态,2. Do the red parts have something in common?,.概念： 1. 说话时已经完成 的动作或出现的结果。 2. 主语是行为动作的承受者。 【注意】 1. 过去分词前有两个助动词have/has和been。 2. 必须表示被动。 I have been told about it many times The bridge has just been built,The Present Perfect Pas
4、sive Voice 现 在 完 成 时 的 被 动 语 态,1. 现在完成时被动语态肯定句句型： 主语+ have/has been +过去分词 Her motorbike has been stolen. 2. 现在完成时被动语态否定句句型： 主语+ have/has +not+ been+过去分词 The task has not been finished yet. Many workers have not been trained in the company.,.句型：,3. 现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句句型： Have/Has +主语 + been+ 过去分词 .? Has a
5、 new computer been bought ? Have they been sent abroad to study English? 4. 现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句句型： 疑问词+ have/has + 主语+ been+过去分词 .? Where has the car been repaired? Who have been helped by the new computer? How many buildings have been built in this school?,The buildings, destroy, earthquake,The building
6、s have been destroyed in the earthquake.,Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice:,【即学即练】,1.,machine,replace,computer,The machine has been replaced by the computer.,2.,new bridge, build, in our city,A new bridge has been built in our city.,3.,Many trees have been planted along the roa
7、d.,many trees , plant, along the road,4.,1. 表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在 造成的影响和结果。 The door has been locked. 2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现 在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语 连用,或用于How long.?句型中。,. 用法:,The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. How long has the machine been used?,现在完成时的标志: recen
8、tly /already/yet/ for+一段时间 / since+时间点,【点津】,注意,1. 只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词(词组)没有 被动语态。 例如: happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit, stand, break out, come true, belong to等。 What has happened to your brother?,2. 但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的动词短 语，相当于及物 动词，也可以有被动语态。但动 词短语是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动
9、语态时, 不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。 The child has been taken good care of by his grandma all these years. A notice has been put up on the wall.,3. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被 动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思, 则需改换动词或时态。 My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike fo
10、r almost four years. How long has this book been bought? ( ) How long ago was this book bought? ( ),用被动语态改写下列句子。 They have opened three training centers in this city by now. 2. We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.,Three training centers have been opened in this city (
11、by them) by now. A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school this year (by us).,3. They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area. 4. The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project.,A plan has been made by them to help the poor children in the poor area
12、. A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government.,is played,Was he asked,. 把下列主动语态转化为被动语态: 1. People play football all over the world. Football _ all over the world by people. 2. Did they ask him some questions? _ any questions by them?,3. They warned Mary that the dog was dange
13、rous. Mary _ that the dog was dangerous by them.,was warned,has,been broken,was forgiven,Should,be done,3. Who has broken the window? By whom _ the window _? 4. You forgave him his rudeness, didnt you? He _ his rudeness by you, wasnt he? 5. Should we do the work today or tomorrow? _ the work _ today
14、 or tomorrow by us?,1. Whats happening in the new area? New houses _ recently over there. A. are built B. built C. have built D. have been built,【解析】选D。句意：在那个新区发生什么事了？ 最近新房子已经在那里建起来了。主语与谓语动 词的关系为被动，故排除B、C两项。recently 常与现 在完成时连用。,.单项选择,2. There is a police car in front of our neighbors house. What do
15、you suppose _? A. did happen B. has happened C. is happen D. has been happened,【解析】选B。句意：在我们邻居的房前有一辆警 车。你认为发生什么事了？happen为不及物动 词，无被动语态，故D项错误；A、C两项形式不正 确。,【解析】选C。句意：这是最近在我们城市建的最高 的大楼之一。关系代词指代的是buildings，故排除A、 D两项；根据时间状语recently（常用于现在完成时） 排除B项。,3. This is one of the highest buildings that in our city recently. A. has been set up B. are set up C. have been set up D. was set up,4. The construction of the two new railway lines _ by now. A. has completed B. have completed C. have been completed D. has been completed,【解析】选D。句意：这两条新铁路线的建设到 现在已
