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1、Unit 1 Brief Introduction to International Trade,http:/,大连理工大学出版社,国际贸易实务(双语版),Learning Objectives,Define international trade Understand the reasons, benefits and some basic concepts of international trade Review briefly the main international trade policy and theory,http:/,Contents,. What is interna
2、tional trade?,. Why international trade occurs and what are its benefits?,. Basic concepts in international trade,. Value of foreign trade, balance of trade quantum & of foreign trade,Exercises,http:/,International trade, also known as world trade, foreign trade, overseas trade, import and export tr
3、ade, is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and services across international or territories. It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and sale for both and invisible commodities. International trade involves activities across international boundaries an
4、d territories. However, it is in principle not different from domestic trade as the and the behavior of trade parties involved in a trade does not differ fundamentally depending on whether trade is across a border or not.,Part ,http:/,boundary n.边界, 分界线,visible a. 有形的,boundaries,visible,motivation n
5、. 动机,motivation,The main difference is that international trade is typically more costly and complicated than domestic trade, and special problems may arise, which are not normally experienced when trading at home. The reason is that trade between foreign countries will have the such as differences
6、in language, culture, currency, technical specification for goods and requirements as well as tariff barriers such as custom duties, exchange restrictions, fixed quotas and other tariff barriers, and complexity in documentations, transportation and insurance.,Part ,http:/,peculiarity n. 特性,peculiari
7、ties,Brainstorm: Why do countries trade with one another nowadays?,As is discussed, international trade is typically more costly and complicated than domestic trade. Then why do modern countries trade with one another? Its because more and more businesses, consumers and governments realize that thei
8、r lives are increasingly affected, not just by what goes on in their own town, state or country, but also by what is happening around the world. Increasing international trade plays an important role in the of globalization. International trade is a major source of economic for any nation that is co
9、nsidered a world power.,Part ,http:/,continuance n. 持续,continuance,revenue n. 收入；收益,revenue,There are various reasons why international trade occurs. Basically, trade can occur between countries if the countries differ in their technological abilities to produce goods and services, in resource endow
10、ments such as the skills and abilities of a countrys workforce, the available natural resources, etc. and if demands or preferences differ between countries. On the other hand, the existence of economies of scale in production is sufficient to generate such advantageous trade, while government tax a
11、nd subsidy programs can be sufficient to generate advantages in production of certain products.,Part ,http:/,advantageous a. 有利的,advantageous,As to benefits of international trade, it is straightforward. That is by international trade we can greatly improve the quality of our life. For example, as c
12、onsumers we can buy goods and services from all over the world in our local shops. As business owners we have new opportunities to expand our markets by selling in a multitude of other foreign countries.,Part ,http:/,Brainstorm: Please list the advantages and disadvantages of international trade for
13、 a certain country, and analyze the reasons.,To have a better and thorough understanding of international trade, we need to have an idea of some basic concepts first.,Part ,http:/,concept n. 概念,concepts,Visible trade refers to the exchange of physically tangible goods between countries, involving th
14、e export, import, and re-export of goods at various stages of production. It is distinguished from invisible trade , which involves the export and import of physically intangible items such as services. Basic categories of invisible trade include services (receipts and payments arising from activiti
15、es such as customer service, shipping or insurance); income from foreign investment in the form of interest, profits, and dividends; private or government transfers of money from one country to another; and intellectual property and patents.,1. Visible trade and invisible trade,When goods or services are sold from foreign countries to the domestic consumers in a legitimate fashion, the exchange is import trade. However, when goods or services are provided to foreign consumers by domestic producers in a legitimate fashion, it is export
