《语法专题（冠词）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语法专题（冠词）（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、语法专题（冠词）冠词冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，常用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是不定冠词a/an,另一种是定冠词the ，还有一种是零冠词（名词前不用冠词）一 考查热点1. 考察冠词的基本用法2. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法，如：比较级前冠词的使用，抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用，一日三餐名词前冠词的使用等3. 固定搭配二 老师寄语冠词填空抢分绝招：如果“形容词+名词”前无其他限定词，一般填冠词。那么填那种冠词呢？1.看语意，如果翻译为“一个，一种，一本”一般用不定冠词a/an; 翻译为“这.那 ”表示特指就用the 。2.看结构，如果名词后有of短语，不定式
2、或定语从句等这样的限定成份时，一般用the.3.固定搭配，习惯用语要记牢知识清单一不定冠词常用的几种情况1不定冠词的用法（a 用于辅音因素前，an用于元音音素前）表示“一个”，相当于one或everyThis is an interesting book and it is also a useful one2 .表一类人或物A horse is a useful animal.3“某一个”，相当于a certainA Mr.Li is waiting for you .4. 抽象名词具体化时，可以表示“一场，一次，一件”，a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一件令人惊讶的事，a
3、 joy一件高兴的事，a pity 一件遗憾的事，an honour一个（件）以某一为荣的人（事）等前加不定冠词5. 数词前加不定冠词表示“又一，再一”之意He has failed twice in P.E test ,and he is wondering whether he have a chance tohave a third try .6. 用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐，季节，日期前a big supper a light breakfast a very hot summer a wonderful Sunday7.与形容词比较级连用表示一个更。的In recent years
4、,the small town has enjoyed a bigger boom than ever.8. 固定搭配have a cold have a good/great time After a while have a try In a hurry （be） at a loss all of a sudden a great many go on a diet have a gift for as a result as a rule as a matter of fact in a short while/period have a chance keep an eye on Ta
5、ke an interest in take/have a walk make a living live a happy life a most + adj +n a picture of sb doing sth 一张某人做.的照片that/so +adj + a/an + n（可数名词单数） such a/an +adj + n（可数名词单数）what a/an +adj+ n（可数名词单数）+主语 +be二 定冠词的使用1.使用定冠词的一般情况。1).特指或第二次提到2).序数词前，最高级前，独一无二的事物前3).用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前Invent the comp
6、uter4)用在身体部位名称前，相当于物主代词（动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位）His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.2.定冠词使用的特殊场合1).He hit him in the facebeat sb on the nose take sb by the arm pat sb on the head /shoulder2).the poor the rich the wounded the disabled3).the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two 两者中较年长
7、的一位 /中较漂亮 的一个4.)the soon, the better5).he got paid by the hour 他是按小时付工钱的By the month /year/day/dozen注意by weight按重量6）in the 50s /in the7) the Smiths /the Whites 表示一家人或夫妻俩8）tell the truth /on the other hand /on the way home3固定搭配at the momenton the right/leftin the west/east/distancethe morning/afterno
8、on/evening on the contraryin the endby the waythe day before yesterdayon the spoton the wholein the habit of doing sthfor the time beingin the daytimemake the most/best ofthe other dayon the radio/ phoneon the one hand.on the other hand.三.零冠词的情况1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等名词前一般不加冠词。China ,America Smith2可数
9、名词前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词This dictionary is mine3季节，月份，日期，节日，假日，一日三餐名词前一般不加冠词。March , May Day, National Day, ChildrensDay, Womens dayHave you had supper?Spring is the best season of the year.4 学科名称，球类，棋类名称前不加冠词Do you study physics?He likes playing footdall/chess.5复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。They are pea
10、sants/workers.6 在于by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词By car/bus/bike/train/air/water/land注意take a bus come in a boat on the train/bus7 某些固定词组中不用冠词名词词组中Husband and wife , brother and sister , body and soul , day and night , knife and fork介词词组at noon/night/midnight/dawn/dusk At bottom last at present at war In order in
11、 peace in trouble in sight in advance in danger in fashion in fact in case in favor of without result without doubt without hesitation take part in form beginning to end注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同1）in hospital/ prison in the hospital/prison2)in front of in the front of3)in charge/control in the charge/contro
12、l （of）4)out of question out of the question8.as 引导的让步状语从句中，做表语的名词不带冠词Child as she is ,she knows a lot of French9.系动词turn （变成），后坐表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词The young girl has turn writer.The young girl has become a writer四、语法填空1. (2019.天津卷) Life is like _ ocean ,only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.
13、 2.（2019.重庆卷 I cant tell you _way to the Wilsons because we dont have _Wilson here in the village .3.（2019.浙江卷 The paper is due next month and I am working seven days_ week, often long into _night4.（2019.陕西卷_village where I was born has grown into _town.5.（2019.江西卷）They chose tom to be _captain of t
14、he team because they knew he was _smart leader6.（2019.新课标全国卷I）India attained Independence in 1974,after _long struggle7.（2019.重庆卷）The parents were shocked by _news that their son needed_ operation on his knee8.（2019.山东卷）It was _cold winter night and the moon was shinning brightly across_ _night sky.9. （2019.浙江卷）People develop_ preference for a particular style of learning at _early age and these preference affect learning.10.（2019.福建卷）The “Chinese d
