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1、Unit 2 The Olympic Games Learning about language,Learning aims,1.Revise some useful vocabulary. 2.To learn to finish exercises by using the vocabulary. 3.To learn the grammar: the passive voice.,1 _ to take part in a sports event 2 _ to allow to enter (a course or sports competition ) 3 _ someone wh
2、o takes part in a sports competition 4 _ level of ability,compete,admit,athlete,standard,1 Find the word or expression.,Discovering useful words and expressions,5 _ happening every time with the same amount of time in between 6 _ to take the place of 7 _ short sentence or phrase expressing the belie
3、fs of a person or group,regular basis,replace,motto,8 _ duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong 9 _ special hall for physical exercise 10 _ to join in,responsibility,gymnasium,take part in,2 Choose the word or phrase that means almost the same as the word in italics.,1 She rose to
4、 her feet in one swift movement. A. short B. quick C. immediate D. hurry,B,2. Nowadays all countries can take part in if their athletes reach the standard. A. Today B. These days C. In the future D. Tomorrow,B,3. My son went to see the new stadiums before the Olympic Games began. A. concert halls B.
5、 sports halls C. reception buildings D. athletes village,B,4. Li Yan wanted to take part in the Olympic Games as a volunteer. A. someone who offers help B. someone who offers to pay C. Someone who helps without pay D. someone who works part-time,C,5. What do the five rings on the Olympics flag stand
6、 for? A. support B. mean C. introduce D. look like,B,Helena was a great _ in the 5000-metre running race. She had won many prizes and wanted to _ in the Olympic Games. So she practised hard every day in order to be _ as a competitor.,athlete,compete,admitted,3 Complete the passage.,standard athlete
7、admit compete responsibility olive wreath homeland,It didnt take her long to reach the _ for entering the Olympic Games. This made Helena eager to win a gold medal for herself and her _. Unfortunately during the final, she was in front in her race when,homeland,standard,another competitor pushed her
8、 on purpose so that she fell down. Poor Helena lost her chance of a medal but the other woman had to take _ for breaking the rules. The judges felt sorry for Helena and gave her a special prize of an _ instead.,responsibility,olive wreath,Answers for Ex. 2 on Page 13: Rules for the Olympic Games,Nob
9、ody _ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. 2. Children _ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will _ (take away) from the stadium.,will be allowed,will not be allowed,be taken away,3. No animals _ (allow) in the stadium. 4. Cheating by athletes will not b
10、e _ (excuse). They _ (tell ) to leave. 5. No smoking will be _ (allow). If you are discovered, you _ (ask) to pay ten dollars.,will be allowed,will be told,allowed,will be asked,excused,Grammar,Passive Voice,The Structure is,助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P),被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时, 谓语的 形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的
11、承受者时, 谓语要用被动语态。被动语态 由助动词be+过去分词构成, 时态通过be 表现出来。,英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice),A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。,B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,We speak English.,主语,谓语,宾语,English is spoken by us.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,They cleaned the classroom yester
12、day. 昨天我们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。,被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的 过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称、数 的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词 时一样。如: The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况
13、在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的, 去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该辅音字母, 再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,典型题例 例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (b
14、y us) every day.,在改写中应注意： 1. 把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态 的主语; 2. 把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3. 主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。,主变被解题步骤:,1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.,are were,3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.,4. 修改谓语的时态 -即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 主语.,by them.,Tom broke the window. The win
15、dow was broken by Tom.,Tom broke the windows. The windows were broken by Tom.,He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him.,1. The manager made them work 10 hours a day.,2. A new teacher will teach us next term.,3. You should water trees often .,4. You must not plant trees in very dry earth .,They were made to work 10 hours a day.,We will be taught by a new teacher.,Trees should be watered often.,Trees must not be planted in very d
