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1、八下英语第一单元知识点一 . 询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：1.Whats the matter (with sb.)? 2. Whats the trouble / problem(with sb.)?3.Whats wrong (with sb.)? 你怎么了? 4. Whats ones trouble / problem ?5.Whats up ? 6. What happened to sb. ?7.Are you OK ? 8. Is there anything wrong with sb. ?二.表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结构：1.Sb + have
2、/has + a / an + 疾病名称：have a cold / fever / cough / temperature2.Sb + have/ has a sore +身体部位：have a sore throat / back3.Sb + have / has+ a+ 身体部位ache have a toothache /headache / stomachache / earache /backache4.Sb + hurt(s) +身体部位/ oneself ; He hurt his leg . 或 身体部位+ hurts ; My head hurts badly .5.The
3、re is something wrong with ones +身体部位。6.Sb +have /has a pain in ones +身体部位三.情态动词 should / shouldnt 的用法：意为应该，应当 后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。通常表示提出意见或建议，或义务和责任，还可表示命令责备或要求等语气;1. You should lie down and rest . 2.You shouldnt eat so much next time . 3. What should I do ?4. Should I put some medicine on it ? -Yes ,y
4、ou should ./ No, you should t. Section A1.sore adj. 疼痛的 可作定语或表语She has a sore throat / back . My leg is very sore .2.back n. 后面，背面 He sat at the back of the classroom. adv . 回 (原处) come back3. lie 躺，卧-lay- lain-lying lie down 躺下 撒谎 -lied-lied .lying You are lying to me .n. 谎言假话 tell a lie / lies lay
5、 .-laid .laid. laying 产卵 下蛋 放置4. rest 休息 v./n. You should rest for a few days . get some rest= have(take) a rest /a break / breaks休息一下5. to one s surprise 使某人惊讶的是 常作插入语，位于句首 To his surprise, she failed the exam .in surprise 吃惊地 surprising -物 What surprising news !Surprised- 人be surprised to do / be
6、surprised at sth / be surprised that6. much too+ 形容词， 太. ， too many+可数名词复数，太多too much+不可数名词，太多也可做副词 talk too much7. enough形容、副词,足够的/地，(1) enough +名词; enough water (2) 形副+ enough ; good enough8. sound like+名词代词和从句：听起来像 It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. Sound( look/fe
7、el/taste/smell )+形容词 听起来. e.g. The music sounds nice.9. need (1).需要，实义动词 人做主语 need+sth.，需要某物; need (sb.)to do sth.需要做某事，(2). 物作主语;sth. needs doing/ to be done ; The room needs cleaning /to be cleaned.(3) 情态动词,多用于否定句或疑问句 Need I stay here ?-Yes, you must . /No, you neednt.10. agree 同意，赞同-disagree(反义词)
8、 agree with sb. 同意某人 agree to do. 同意做某事11. right away =right now =at once，意为 马上 。12. advice(不可数)建议,意见 a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb. advice on sth./ take ones adviceadvise 动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth.建议做某事13. hurt 及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，He hurt his leg . He hurt her feelings.不及物动词，(部位)疼。
9、 His leg hurt badly.14. hit -hit(过去式)(用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部位;hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。当名词用时;get hit on the head 头部受到撞击15. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 I saw a boy playing football near my
10、home.See sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(强调全过程) We saw him cross the road.16.shout to sb.向某人喊话 shout at sb. 冲某人叫喊(贬义) shout for help 大声呼救17. expect sb. to do sth.期待某人去做某事。18.think about(+doing)考虑 think of 想起，认为 think over 仔细考虑 think up 想出19.fall down(+from)摔倒，跌倒 fall behind 落后，跟不上 fall into落入 fall asleep 入睡Fall
11、 in love with 爱上 fall off 从跌落下来20.反身代词myself./ yourself / himself / herself / itself / ourselves /yourselves / themselves作同位语;Did you make the cake yourself ? 做表语 Im not myself today .enjoy oneself help oneself to by oneself hurt/ cut oneself teach oneself=learn sth by oneself21.trouble (不可数);苦恼，问题
12、be in trouble 处于困境 get into trouble陷入困境 make trouble 制造麻烦 have trouble / difficulties / problems (in) doing sth.做.有麻烦 做某事有困难22.put on sth. 在某物上放 put some medicine on the cut (伤口) put a bandage on it 在它上面放绷带23. in the same way 以同样的方式 on the way to 在去的路上 in the way 挡路out of the way 不再碍事 by the way 顺便说
13、一下 in this way 用这种方法 in a way 在某种程度上24.get an X-ray 拍X 光片 take ones temperature 量体温 hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 see a dentist 看牙医 go to a doctor =go to see a doctor = go to the doctors 看医生 get off 下车-get on 上车 all weekend 整个周末 away from 远离for too long 太长时间 on the side of the road 在马路边 without thinking
14、 twice 没多想get sunburned 被晒伤 have a heart problem有心脏病 feel very hot 感到很热thanks to 多亏,由于(=because of =with the help of) have a nosebleed 流鼻血cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 put her head back 把她的头向后仰 save a life 挽救生命in time 及时 on time 准时 do the right thing 做正确的事 go mountain climbing 去爬山Section B1.sick adj. 生病的，有病的。
15、作表语和定语 。ill只能作表语 be /feel sick =be ill 恶心的 I feel a little sick. 厌倦的 be sick of Im sick of running .2. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于适应做某事(be = get = become) He is used to getting up early .be used to do sth. = be used for sth /doing被用于做某事 Wood is used to make houses .Used to do sth 过去常做某事 He used to go to work by bus .3. take a risk=take risks 冒险 the risk of sth /doing的风险 at risk 在危险中 risk to do sth. 冒险去做某事4. in a very dangerous situation 在一种非常危险的情况下5. sth. run out 某物用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. sb. ru
