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1、Unit 2Fit for life能力提升题组训练.阅读理解A(2018南昌高三二模)Traditionally,robots have been hard,made of metal and other rigid material: But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robotone that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼).Described in science journal Nat
2、ure,the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search,rescue and exploration.“The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft,autonomous robots,”the studys authors wrote.Robots built for precise,
3、repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terrains (地形) or in unpredictable conditions.And they arent especially safe around humans,because theyre made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.So researchers have been working on b
4、uilding soft robots for decades. Theyve taken inspiration from nature,looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches,which are often made up of more flexible matter.But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge.Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮) body,its still a grand challenge to
5、construct flexible versions of essential parts,such as a source of power.“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage,it holds great promise for several applications,such as search-and-rescue operations and exploration,”Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technol
6、ogys Center for Micro-BioRobotics,wrote in a comment.“Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and the quality of life.”1. Whats the special feature of “Octobot”?A.Its soft. B.Its made of metal.C.Its very small. D.It looks like an octopus.2.Whats the disadvantage of tradit
7、ional robots?A.Theyre hard to control. B.Theyre too heavy to move.C.They cant predict conditions.D.They cant behave well all the time.3.One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobots .A.silicone body B.complex componentsC.precise movements D.flexible power source语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,美国哈佛大学的科学家受到章鱼的启发,制
8、造了软体机器人。这种机器人可用于搜救、探险等行业,比常规机器人更安全。尽管软体机器人的开发和研究尚在早期阶段,但这种机器人的出现也许会为人的健康和生活品质的提高提供新的途径。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句中的“The Octobot is a minimal system. completely soft,autonomous robots”可知,Octobot的特点是柔软。2.D推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行,此外,由于坚硬并沉重的金属部件,传统机器人可能会对人体产生伤害,故可推知,传统机器人并非总是很好地运行。3.D细节理解题。根
9、据第五段的第二句“Even if engineers build a silicone body.such as a source of power.”可知,即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身体,但建造柔韧性强的关键部件仍面临巨大的挑战,如动力来源。所以制造软体机器人最大的挑战之一是柔韧性强的动力来源。BI am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2012,Ive done 89 tripsof those,51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cell
10、s(干细胞)in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.In all,from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient,weve got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caugh
11、t by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said:“Well,Im really sorry,Ive got some bad news for youthere are no fights from Washing
12、ton.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patientplease, please,youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me,re-routed(改道)me throu
13、gh Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job,youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.4.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier”in Paragraph 1?A.provider B.
14、delivery manC.collector D.medical doctor5.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.B.The donor can only wait for that long.C.The operation needs that much time.D.The ice wont last any longer.6.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A
15、.To London. B.To Newark.C.To Providence. D.To Washington.语篇解读:作者讲述了自己一次运送干细胞的经历。表现了人们之间的友爱。答案及剖析:4.B猜测词义题。根据下文的讲解内容“Ive done 89 trips”“from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient,weve got 72 hours at most”等可知,作者是一个运送干细胞的人,因此courier与B项中的delivery man同义。5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.”可知答案。6.B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“She arranged for a flight.re-routed(改道) me through Newark.”可知答案。.语法填空The first practical cooling system for use in
