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1、 小升初复习-动词的各种时态讲解及练习 一、一般现在时： 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它 如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 He is a student .他是一个学生 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加“-s“或“-es“。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语 动词第三人称单数变化规则： A、一般直接加“s”，如：play plays, visit visits, speak speaks ； B、以
2、“s”，“x”，“sh”，“ch”结尾时，加“es”，如：catch catches, watch watches ； C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“es”，如：carry carries, study studies 。 一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. /No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变
3、化。 否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。 如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问
4、词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 二、现在进行时 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。He is taking pictures. （2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则： A、一般直接加“ing”，如：go going, do doing, look looking ； B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词，去“e” 加“ing”，如：take taking, make making, have having ； C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ing”，
5、如： put putting, stop stopping, run running, get getting, swim swimming, sit sitting, begin beginning, jog jogging, forget forgetting 。 2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. The monkey is swinging. She is cooking dinner . he is doing his homework 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。She is not taking pictures. He isnt climbing mo
6、untains. 4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。Is he reading a book? Is the rabbit running ? 5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 三、一般将来时 1. 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）this morning , this afternoon , this evening等。 2.基本结构：be g
7、oing to + do；She is going to visit his grandparents next weekend . Amy is going to climb mountains tomorrow. will+ do. He will go shopping this afternoon. He will go to shanghai next month . 3.否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 四、一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去
8、经常或反复发生的动作。 如：yesterday ,last( weekend ,month ,year) be used to 2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：
9、在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? （3）过去式构成规则： A、一般直接加“ed”，如：plant planted, visit visited, pick picked ； B、以不发音字母“e”结尾，直接加“ed”，如：like liked, hope hoped, taste tasted ； C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时
10、，变“y”为“i”再加“ed”，如：try tried, carry carried, study studied ； D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”，如：stop stopped ； E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆： 是-am(be)-was- 是-are(be)-were 是-be-was, were 练一练： 1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。 drink _go _stay _make _look _have _ pass _carry _come _watch _plant _fly _ study _brush _do _teach_ take_ see_
11、2、写出下列动词的现在分词。 put _give _fly _get _dance _sit_ run _ plant _take _swim _ask _stop _take _ write _have _smoke _ think_ want_ tell_ 3、写出下列动词的过去式。 isam _fly _plant _are _drink _play _go _ make _does _dance _worry _ask _taste _ eat _draw _put _throw _kick _pass _do _ 4、用动词的适当形式填空。 （1）I _to school from
12、Monday to Friday. My brother often _to school with me. Yesterday we _to school together. We like _to school very much. ( go ) （2）They usually _lunch at home. But last week, they _lunch at school. ( have ) （3）That_my English book. It _new. But now it _not here. It _there a moment ago. ( be ) （4）My si
13、ster likes _very much. She often _at our school festival. Last term, she _a lot of songs in the school hall. She _beautifully. ( sing ) （5）What _ he usually _on Sunday? He usually _his homework. Look! He _his homework now. _he _his homework last Sunday? Yes, he_. ( do ) （6）Do people usually_ moon ca
14、kes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Did you _moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I _a lot of delicious moon cakes. ( eat ) 5、用所给词的正确形式填空 1I (like)the story of Monkey King better than Robin Hood . 2Yesterday I (write) a letter to my friend. 3Tom (send) some emails to his parents last night. 4The robot (buy) vegetables in the supermarket eve
