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1、Definition,下定义,Definition Purpose Types Organization Development (writing strategy),What is definition?,Definition means establishing limits or marking boundaries of a subject. Definition is a method of making explicit the meaning of a word, phrase, or term. It gives clear and distinct facts about s
2、omething. A definition is the enclosing of a wilderness of ideas within a wall of words. A definition is the effort to distinguish an entity from all other things for the purpose of being able to recognize it or in some way to understand it Definition is a writing technique which explains a complex
3、term or the writers personal understanding of a word.,Purpose,To avoid confusion or misunderstanding of some symbols or ideas. To explain or characterize certain concepts, subjects, ideas, or theories to the reader,Classification -1 1. Simple definition 2. Extended definition Classification -2 1. Fo
4、rmal (standard) definition 2. Informal( personal) definition 3. Extended definition Classification -3 1. Logical definition: 2. Descriptive (extended) definition,In the simplest sense, to define a word is to show what class or group the word belongs to and then point out the basic features which dis
5、tinguish it from other members of the same group. The term to be defined = The class the term belongs to + The characteristics of the term 被定义词=种 +属差 eg. To define: SISU, classroom, water, brunch, happiness, love, beauty,Simple definition: formal, personal, logical,Happiness,Happiness is a state of
6、well-being and contentment, a pleasurable or satisfying experience -Merriam-Websters Online Dictionary Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony. -Mahatma Gandhi Happiness is that state of consciousness which proceeds from the achievement of ones values. - Ayn Ra
7、nd Happiness is something that you are and it comes from the way you think. - Wayne Dyer Happiness is essentially a state of going somewhere, wholeheartedly, one-directionally, without regret or reservation. William H. Sheldon Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end o
8、f human existence. - Aristotle Happiness is the spiritual experience of living every minute with love, grace and gratitude. -Denis Waitley,Rules observed when giving a definition,To avoid circular definition “Economics” is the study of the economy. “Economics” is a science of the production and dist
9、ribution of goods. To avoid too broad definition An “automobile” is a means of transportation. An “automobile” is a car used as a means of transportation. To avoid too narrow definition A poem is two or more rhymed lines written to express an idea, mood, or emotion. A poem is a piece of writing in v
10、erse form expressing deep feeling or noble thought in beautiful language.,Extended definition,simple definition + supporting details 1. additional information 2. physical features 3. functions 4. symptoms 5. details and examples 6. origins eg.,A “liberated woman” is simply a woman who controls her o
11、wn life rather than allowing it to be controlled by other people, traditions, or expectations. A “liberated woman” can be found pursuing any line of work, including housework, or no work at all. She may or may not be married; she may or may not have borne children. She may belong to any race; she ma
12、y have attained any age. She may be poor or wealthy, educated or illiterate. She need have only one trait in common with her “liberated sisters”: she makes her own choices, whether they be the colors on her walls or the advanced degrees she seeks. She acts of her own volition, responsible to herself
13、, and not out of fear of what her mother, lover, or neighbor might say.,A pencil is an implement for writing, drawing, or marking. Usual pencils have four parts: a wooded case, a solid rod of graphite or other marking material, a small eraser, and a piece of metal fixing the eraser to the wood. The
14、wooden cases of most pencils are either round or hexagonal (六边形的) with rounded edges. Inside the wooden case, there is a solid rod of marking material which gives the pencil its special writing characteristics. At the end of the wooden part, there is small colored eraser for erasing unwanted writing
15、s. The eraser is fixed to the main part by a colored piece of metal. Although the length, weight and color differ from one pencil to another, the usual length and weight are 25cm and 50g. The shape of the pencil allows it to fit easily in the hand when it is correctly held between the thumb and fing
16、ers, and to fit in the pocket when it is carried.,A Hacker originally refers to a person who chops or cuts roughly and irregularly with a hatchet斧头. But with the wide- spread application of computers to various aspects of our life and work, it has assumed a new meaning. A Hacker now is a computer user who is able to use or change the information in other peoples computer systems without their knowledge or permission. Many Hackers are very talented people
