《政治经济学秋期开放专科作业讲评14》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《政治经济学秋期开放专科作业讲评14（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、carried out practice line pioneer standard, and post spurs members concentrated service months, activities, education guide members always everywhere bearing in mind identity, based job post, active play role. To develop differentiated learning education guide party members in accordance with their
2、own situation, target the problems to, based on the work done. Pay attention to the room and room for grass-roots party organizations, grass-roots party organizations have more autonomy in education, making education more ground, full of vitality, good effect. Finally, highlight the normal long-term
3、. To highlight the characteristics of recurrent education, with long flowing, continuous line of perseverance the perseverance to promote educational efforts to realize the partys ideological and political construction of routine institutionalization. With the party branch as the base unit. Play the
4、 role of party branches should be, is the key to educational success. Each branch must take strict education and management responsibility of party members, education based on learning to make specific arrangements, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of party members involved in the education, ensure the
5、 Organization in place, measures in place, put in place. To the party organization as the basic form. In the standardized development of learning, make learning more effective efforts, and will adhere to the good party group, organized party, party members and the General Assembly, tell a good party
6、 lectures, can drive a good topic about, prevent showy without substance, Sham mules. To implement the education management system for basic support. Democratic mutual evaluation on party members in accordance with the regulations, the real performance criteria and order established, sound carefully
7、 dispose of unqualified party members, to further improve the dredge export team, pure self cleaning mechanism. Party leading cadres should adhere to and implement the central group learning system, to which branch of learning exchanges, participation in a dual organization with comrades. Focus on r
8、ecurrent education, you also need to continue to strengthen the building of grass-roots party organizations. Now, the city also has 88 village party organizations are weak and lax, first Secretary of the village, but conversion requires a process. Recently, the citys party organization focused inves
9、tigation, check out a total of lost members 4,507, Pocket members 1037, find there are 640 lost party members are not contacted 148 Pocket party members and implementation of organizational relationships. Educational management of party members into the Organization, there is a lot of work to do. We
10、ak and lax party continued reorganization as an important task, finish perfect organization, with a good team, Good system. Special highlights of grass-roots party organizations, to be dealt with first in place, further education, reorganization, transformation and educational interaction. In short,
11、 through solid and effective work initiatives重难点分析(1)一生产力与生产关系的相互关系1生产力与生产关系的对立统一构成生产方式。(这一点非常重要，但同学一般都没有想到这一点。请体会一下，这是不是说明两者关系的重要的一点？)2在生产方式中，生产力决定生产关系，生产关系反作用于生产力。3生产力决定生产关系。表现为：第一，生产力的状况决定生产关系的状况，有什么样的生产力，就有什么样的生产关系；第二，生产力的发展变化决定生产关系的发展变化，当生产力在原有的生产关系下的发展达到一定程度时，或迟或早地会引起生产关系发生相应的变化。4生产关系反作用于生产力。表
12、现为：第一，当生产关系适合生产力状况和发展要求时，它推动生产力的发展；第二，当生产关系不适合生产力状况和发展要求时，它阻碍生产力的发展。同学一般容易忽略的是，3、4两个要点要求回答出“生产力决定生产关系”和生产关系反作用生产力”具体表现在哪些地方。二经济规律的客观性以及人们与经济规律的关系。1经济规律是经济现象和经济过程内在的、本质的、必然的联系。2经济规律的客观性在于：它不以人的意志为转移，人不能创造、消灭和改造规律。3人们与经济规律的关系是：人们可以认识经济规律，在此基础上利用经济规律为社会谋福利。三价值规律1为什么说价值规律是商品经济的基本规律？在商品经济中，价值规律决定其它经济规律的作
13、用，决定和支配商品交换和商品生产的全过程。只要存在商品生产和商品交换，价值规律就必然存在并发生作用，所以，价值规律是商品经济的基本规律。2价值规律在商品经济中的作用。1作用于各生产部门内部的关系，刺激生产者通过改进技术、节约生产资料，降低成本，提高劳动生产率，从而推动社会生产力的发展；2刺激商品生产者展开激烈竞争，造成两极分化，形成优胜劣汰的结果；3作用于各部门之间的关系，自发调节生产资料和劳动力在各部门的分配。四个别劳动时间和社会必要劳动时间的差异对商品生产者的命运有什么影响？1、个别劳动时间和社会必要劳动时间的差异有两种情况：个别劳动时间大于社会必要时间；个别劳动时间小于社会必要劳动时间。
14、2当个别劳动时间大于社会必要劳动时间时，商品生产者按照由社会必要劳动时间决定的价值量出售商品，就会亏损，在竞争中处于不利地位。相反，个别劳动时间低于社会必要劳动时间的生产者，虽然没有耗费较多的劳动，但在市场上按照由社会必要劳动时间决定的价值量出售商品，就会得到额外的收益，这使他在市场上竞争中处于有利地位，获得较快的发展。五货币流通规律的内容。1货币流通规律是决定流通中所需货币量的规律。2流通中需要多少货币量取决于三个因素：(1)待售商品的总量；(2)商品价格水平；(3)货币流通速度。3货币流通规律的内容用公式表示为： 一定时期流通中所需货币量=商品价格总额/货币流通速度 4流通中所需要的货币量
15、与商品价格总额成正比，与货币流通速度成反比。六资本家是怎样增加剩余价值生产的？1资本家使用两种方法来增加剩余价值生产：绝对剩余价值生产和相对剩余价值生产。2绝对剩余价值生产是在必要劳动时间不变的条件下，通过延长剩余劳动时间的方法来增加剩余价值生产的方法。相对剩余价值生产是在工作日不变的条件下，通过缩短必要劳动时间从而相对延长剩余劳动时间来增加剩余价值生产的方法。3相对剩余价值是通过个别资本家对超额剩余价值的追求实现的。一影响资本积累量的因素1对劳动力的剥削程度。剥削程度越高，资本积累量越大；2社会劳动生产率水平。社会劳动生产率水平越高，资本积累量越大； 3所用资本与所费资本的差额。差额越大，资
16、本积累量越大；4预付资本量的多少。预付资本量越大，资本积累量越大。二影响利润率因素1剩余价值率，与利润率成正比；2资本有机构成，与利润率成反比；3资本周转速度，与年利润率成正比；4不变资本的节约，与利润率成正比。三为什么说剩余价值规律是资本主义的基本经济规律？在资本主义经济规律体系中，剩余价值规律居于支配地位，起决定作用。它决定资本主义生产的直接目的和动机。(1)剩余价值规律决定资本主义生产的实质，是剩余价值生产；(2)剩余价值规律决定资本主义再生产的各个(生产、分配、交换、消费)环节；(3)剩余价值规律决定资本主义内在矛盾发展(资本主义生产方式的产生、发展、消亡)的全过程。如是论述，则把括号中的内容具体展开说明即
