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1、Unit 2 Robots,Using structure,朗声教育教学测评研究中心研发,课前,1. He begged to be forgiven. 2. Mary didnt want her son to be taken away. 3. There are a lot of things to be discussed. 4. They were shipped to America to be sold as slaves. 5. It is a pity for me not to be invited to the conference. 6. His dream was t
2、o be admitted to a key university. 7. The books are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room.,指出下列黑体部分的结构 分别在句中作什么成份,宾语,宾补,定语,状语,主语,表语,主补,自学生疑,1. 不定式的被动语态形式有哪两种？ 2. 动词不定式的被动语态一般可以充当什么句子成分？ 3. 在 “be+性质形容词+不定式” 结构中， 不定式使用时应注意什么？,不定式的被动语态,课中,1. 不定式的被动语态形式有哪两种？,不定式的被动语态,课中,不定式的被动语态有两种形式， 一般式 (not
3、) to be done和完成式 (not) to have been done。,不定式的被动语态,语法归纳,不定式的被动语态的使用,1) 不定式的被动语态的一般式 (to be done) 含有将来的意思， 表示在谓语行为之后将要发生的动作。,语法归纳,不定式的被动语态的使用,2) 不定式的被动语态的完成式 (to have been done) 表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。,1. It will take several weeks for your computer to _ (repair). 2. I knew him _ (catch) by the police. 3.
4、A vote is required _(take) in our company at once. 4. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.,be repaired,to have been caught,to be taken,to have stolen,练习,课中,2. 动词不定式一般可以充当什么句子成分?,不定式的被动语态,课前,1. He begged to be forgiven. 2. Mary didnt want her son to be taken a
5、way. 3. There are a lot of things to be discussed. 4. They were shipped to America to be sold as slaves. 5. It is a pity for me not to be invited to the conference. 6. His dream was to be admitted to a key university. 7. The books are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room.,指出下列黑体部分的结构 分别在句
6、中作什么成份,宾语,宾补,定语,状语,主语,表语,主补,注意:做主语（常用it做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。,It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by .,It is a great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.,不定式作定语: 1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成 逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名 词/代
7、词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时, He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 动nothing宾 / he 主eat 谓 I will give you a book to read . 分析： _ 动_宾/ _主_谓 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。,read,a book,you,read,The elegant lady had something to declare., 比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be
8、typed. (意思为： I get sb. to type the letter) 1) Ill go to New York. Have you anything _(take) to your wife there? 2) Have you any clothes _(wash), sir?” asked the maid 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes _(wash),to be taken,to be washed,to wash, 注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时， 不定式则必须用被动式。,语法归纳,句法功
9、能,不定式被动式可在句中作主语、 宾语、 表语、 定语、 宾语补足语、 主语补足语或状语。,主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语：结果 原因 目的,课中,3.在 “be+性质形容词+不定式” 结构中， 不定式使用时应注意什么？,不定式的被动语态,在“主语+表语（形容词）to do” 中， 主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。 This question is easy to answer. （分析：answer (动)-this question （宾） 注意： 如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。 John is difficult to deal with
10、. （分析：_(动)-_(宾)）,deal with,John,如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。 这题目很难算出来。,The armchair is comfortable to sit in,The question is difficult to work out,语法归纳,需要注意的几种用法,1) 在 “be+性质形容词+不定式” 结构中， 该类形容词 (如difficult， hard， easy， interesting， dangerous， safe， impossible等) 说明的是主语的性质， 不定式用主动语态。,但是注意:There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰
11、主语，区别不大。 There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。,There is nothing to worry about.,再练习: 7. I hope _(admit) to Zhongshan University. 8.The book is said to _ (translate) into several languages. 9.I feel greatly honored _ (welcome) into their society . 10.Come on! It is an easy sen
12、tence _ (translate). 11.When I came in, he pretended to _.(read) 13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive) after drinking.,to translate,to be welcomed,have been translated,to be admitted,be reading,not to drive,14.I dont know whether you happen _(hear), but Im going to study in the U.S.A this Se
13、ptember. 15.He seems _（punish) by his teacher yesterday.,to have heard,to have been punished,16.The school ordered all the classroom _( clean ). 17.My grandmother seems to have a lot _ (worry) about. 18.I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _(post)? 19.You are lucky enough _ (not cat
14、ch) in the rain.,to be cleaned,to worry,to be posted,not to have been caught,语法归纳,需要注意的几种用法,2) 有少数动词不定式的主动式 (如to blame, to let， to sell， to seek等) 可表示被动意义。,语法归纳,需要注意的几种用法,3) 在 “主语+be+too+形容词+不定式” 结构或 “主语+be+形容词+enough+不定式” 结构中， 当不定式和主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，如 果强调该不定式表示的动作由某人执行，就 用主动式， 否则用被动式。,1. It will take se
15、veral weeks for your computer to _ (repair). 2. I knew him _ (catch) by the police. 3. A vote is required _(take) in our company at once. 4. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.,be repaired,to have been caught,to be taken,to have stolen,练习,7. I hope _(admit) to Zhongshan University. 8.The book is said to _ (translate)
