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1、大连交通大学2012届本科生毕业设计外文翻译外文原文Single-chip microcomputer1. the introduction of the singlechip microcomputerThe singlechip is one kind of integrated circuit chip, which uses the ultra large-scale technology and has the data-handling capacity (for example arithmetic operation, logic operation, data transfe
2、r, interrupt processing) the microprocessor (CPU), random access data-carrier storage (RAM), read-only program memory (ROM), input output circuit (I/O), possibly also includes fixed time the counter, serial passes unguardedly (SCI), demonstration actuation electric circuit (LCD or LED actuation elec
3、tric circuit), pulse-duration modulation electric circuit (PWM), simulation multichannel switch and A/Electric circuit and so on D switch integrates to together the monolith chip on, constitutes to be smallest the computer system which however consummates. These electric circuits can under the softw
4、are control accurate, be rapid, highly effective complete the procedure designer preset the duty. From this looked that, singlechip has the function which the microprocessor does not have, it may alone complete the intellectualization control function which the modern industry control requests, this
5、 is singlechip biggest characteristic. However singlechip also is different with the single trigger, the chip before the development, it only has the function greatly strengthened ultra large scale integrated circuit, if entrusts with it the specific procedure, it then is youngest, the integrity mic
6、rocomputer control system, it (PC machine) has the essential difference with the single trigger or the personal computing, singlechip application belongs to the chip level application, needs the user to understand singlechip chip the structure and the command system as well as other integrated circu
7、it application technologies and the system design need theory and technology, with such specific chip design application procedure, thus causes this chip to have the specific function. The different singlechip has the different hardware characteristic and the software characteristic, namely their te
8、chnical characteristic is different, the hardware characteristic is decided by singlechip chip internal structure, the user must use some kind of singlechip, must understand whether this product does satisfy the characteristic target which the need the function and the application system requests. H
9、ere technical characteristic including function characteristic, control characteristic and electrical specification and so on, these information needs to obtain from in theproduction merchant technical manual. The software characteristic is refers to the command system characteristic and the develop
10、ment support environment, the instruction characteristic is singlechip addressing way which we is familiar with, the data processing and the logical processing way, input-output characteristic and to power source request and so on. The development support environment is compatible and the probabilit
11、y including the instruction, supports the software (to contain may support development application procedure software resources) and the hardware resources. Must use some model singlechip to develop own application system, master its structure characteristic and the technical characteristic is that
12、we need. Singlechip control system could substitute for before uses control system which the complex electronic circuit or the digital circuit constituted, might the software control realizes, and could realize the intellectualization, now singlechip control category omnipresent, for example corresp
13、ondence product, domestic electric appliances, intelligent instrument measuring appliance, process control and special-purpose control device and so on, singlechip application domain was more and more widespread. Indeed, singlechip application significance is far is not restricted in its application
14、 category or from this the economic efficiency which brings, it fundamentally changed the traditional control method and the design thought more importantly. Is controls technical a revolution, is an important milestone.2.The MCUs development outlineIn 1946 first electronic accounting machine birth
15、until now, only then 50 years, depends upon microelectronic technology and the semiconductor technology progress, from the electron tube - transistor- integrated circuit - large scale integrated circuit, now together on the chip definitely may integrate several million even more than ten million tra
16、nsistor, causes the computer volume slightly, the function is stronger. Specially in the nearly 20 years time, computer technology obtained the rapid development, the computer in the industry and agriculture, the scientific research, the education, the national defense and the aerospace domain has obtained the widespread application, computer technology already was a national modern science and technology level important symbol. Singlechip is born in the 20th cen
