《拖拉机产品研发-机械、车辆和汽车-电控CAE设计--零配件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《拖拉机产品研发-机械、车辆和汽车-电控CAE设计--零配件（19页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Integrated control of agricultural tractors and implements: a review of potential opportunities relating to cultivation and crop establishment machinery农业机械一体化系统的设计与实施： 商业机会与潜在市场 作物与环境的评估模型Computers and Electronics in AgricultureThe quality of work and the output of a tractor-implement combination r
2、elies heavily upon the concentration and skill of the operator. Electronic systems are used increasingly to control tractor sub-systems, i.e. engine, transmission, implement hitch, external hydraulics, and driveline, and to monitor or control certain implements. However, current systems operate auto
3、nomously, relying entirely upon the operator for coordination. An integrated hierarchical control system could potentially monitor operating parameters pertinent to both the tractor and attached implements and use this information to control relevant tractor and implement sub-systems in a coordinate
4、d manner, thereby improving machine performance. Potential opportunities for the application of real-time, integrated, hierarchical control techniques to certain cultivation and crop establishment implements currently in use on European farms are reviewed. Specific implements (and their parameters)
5、considered include primary cultivation machinery (control of working depth and working width), secondary cultivation machinery (control of working depth and seedbed quality) and crop establishment machinery (control of seeding depth and seed rate). Outline control strategies are proposed for these a
6、pplications, and sensors and other hardware required to implement the control systems are identified. It is speculated that the agronomic and economic benefits which are likely to result from the implementation of the proposed technology, will enable economic justification of the proposed control sy
7、stems in two to four operating seasons. These savings are likely to result from greater operational efficiency and more precise control of agronomic inputs.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Control system integration3. Cultivation machinery 3.1. Primary cultivation machinery 3.1.1. General3.1.2. Para
8、meters requiring control3.1.3. Control of working depth3.1.4. Control of working width3.1.5. Other control opportunities3.2. Secondary cultivation machinery 3.2.1. General3.2.2. Parameters requiring control3.2.3. Control of working depth3.2.4. Control of seedbed quality3.2.5. Other control opportuni
9、ties4. Crop establishment machinery 4.1. General4.2. Parameters requiring control4.3. Control of seeding depth4.4. Control of seed rate4.5. Other control opportunities5. Summary and conclusionsAcknowledgementsReferencesAutomatic end-of-line tuning for a motion inverter in agricultural tractorsContro
10、l Engineering Practice控制工程与实践学报农田拖拉机的小空间转向研究 自动化的田边临埂转向系统设计End-of-line tuning is a crucial step for any mass-produced system endowed with automatic controllers. As a matter of fact, due to components tolerances and spreads in the production line, the controller tuning performed on a prototype system
11、 is never optimal on the final product. In many industrial applications, though, the end-of-line tuning is performed by human testers, and this does not always guarantee an objective assessment of the closed-loop system quality. This paper proposes a systematic way to design an automatic tuning proc
12、edure for a motion-inverter controller in agricultural tractors, which allows to significantly reduce the costs of end-of-line tuning and to obtain a homogeneous manoeuvre quality in all vehicles. The proposed automatic tuning system adapts the controller parameters governing the open-loop phase of
13、the manoeuvre until a predefined manoeuvre quality is achieved. The parameters adaptation phase is guided by an on-line objective assessment of the manoeuvre quality from measured data, which allows to automatically classify the performed manoeuvre with respect to its quality attributes. The effecti
14、veness of the proposed approach is assessed on a prototype vehicle.Article Outline1. Introduction and motivation2. System description3. Controller description 3.1. EVD control strategy3.2. EVP control strategy4. Assessing the manoeuvre quality 4.1. Duration index4.2. Discomfort index4.3. Symmetry in
15、dex5. Automatic tuning algorithm 5.1. Sensitivity analysis5.2. Auto-tuning algorithm implementation6. Experimental results7. Concluding remarks and outlookAcknowledgementsReferencesApplications of empirical methods in central Italy for predicting field wheeled and tracked vehicle performanceSoil and
16、 Tillage ResearchResearch highlightsClayrubber track numeric (Nr) was higher for a four rubber tracks vehicle. Claytire numeric (Nc) values were higher for low and medium power wheeled tractors. For mean maximum pressure (MMP) on soil to be 100kPa, Nc,r should be more than 30. Vehicle cone index (VCI1) and MMP values were similar for low soil contact pressure. Higher Nc,r
