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1、标 题,学校： 教师：,省略、倒装、强调,一 . 简单句的省略 . 1. 在口语中 - How is your mother today? - (She is ) Much better. (Is there) Anything wrong?,省略,2. 在祈使句中,一般省略主语. (You) Open the door, please. (I) Thank you very much. 注: 某些时候, 当听话的对象要特别说明时, 可将这个称呼写出来. Come here , Jack . You come here, Jack .,4. 特殊疑问句中的省略. 1) - I dont kno
2、w if I should take the digital camera with me . - Why not ? (= Why dont you take the digital camera ?) 2) - Who can do it ? - Lucy , I think . ( Lucy can do it , I think .) 3) - Which country did you go to last summer ? - Britain. ( I went to Britain last summer,5. 感叹句中的省略. What a (good) boy (he is)
3、! How (hard) they are working! 6. 在名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺,住宅,教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物中 At her mothers (house) she passed many happy days. I met him at the doctors (clinic).,7.动词不定式的省略 a. 为避免重复,常省略上文已提到的动词原形,只保留不定式中的小品词to:这类动词有:expect, forget, hope, intend, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish, would like, like和
4、love等. 如: She asked me to dance with her, but I didnt want to (dance with her). -Will you go with me? -Well, Id like to (go with you).,b. 在have to, need, ought to, be going to, used to等后省略动词. 如: I really didnt want to go there with him, but I had to (go there with him). c. 在某些形容词delighted, glad, hap
5、py, pleased等后省略to后面的动词. 如: - Will you join in our discussion? Ill be glad to (join in your discussion).,d. 若不定式中带有be, have等, 常保留be, have. -Are you a teacher? No, but I used to be (a teacher). John didnt come, but he ought to have (come). e. 使役动词 have , let ,make 和感官动词 feel ,see, watch, notice, look
6、at , hear, listen to 等后面的不定式做宾语补足语时, 省略 to,但被动语态中要加上. He had two boys wash his car . She saw him walk into the house. He was seen to walk into the house.,二、使用替代词的省略 1. 通常情况下，在省略了某个词、短语或句子时，还需要用某个替代词。常用的替代词有：dodoesdid, so, not, neither, nor和the same等. 用助动词dodoesdid来替代上文中出现的动词，以免重复。如： She speaks Engli
7、sh more fluently than her elder sister does.,2. 用so , not 或其他手段来省略上文中的一部分或整个句子，作believe, be afraid, expect, do, fear, hope, suppose, say, think 等的宾语。 1) - Can Emily do this work ? - I think so . - I think not . / I dont think so . （这也是宾语从句中的省略）,注: guess , hope , be afraid 的否定式只有一种, 即 : I guess not .
8、 I hope not . I am afraid not . 2) - Did you know anything about it ? - Not until you told me . ( 你告诉了我, 才知道.) 3) He has gone . No one knows where ( he has gone ).,3. 代词的替代省略,三、并列句中的省略 1. 后面分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略。 如： She was poor but (she was) honest. Bob has done his homework, but Tom hasnt (done his home
9、work). 2. 有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句中看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。 如：Mary can （speak English）and (Mary) ought to speak English. Bob works (in London), and Peter lives in London.,四、复合句中的省略 1. 主语从句的省略 主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语中。 (Its a) pity you couldnt come. 2)在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。 -Shall I go to play? -If you like. (you can go
10、to play),2.宾语从句中的省略 1）由which, when, where, how和why 引导的宾语从句中与主句重复的主语或谓语,可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。 如：Please pass me one of these books, I dont care which (book you pass me). He will come back, but she doesnt know when (he will come back). She wants to learn English well, yet she doesnt know how (she can learn
11、it well).,2) 在Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess, I expect, I suppose, I imagine等开头的作答句中, 后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。 a. Do you believe our team will win? I guess so (your team will win). I guess not (your team will not win). b. Do you think it will rain? I hope so (it will rain). I h
12、ope not (that it will not rain). 注:I hope so的否定式只能用I hope not, 不可用I dont hope so. c. Will we be late? Im afraid so /not,3.状语从句中的省略： 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语动词含有be时，或状语从句为there be结构时，可以省略状语从句的主语和谓语be，常见结构为: 1).连词as/as if/once+名词 Once( he was) a teacher ,he now works in a government . 2)连词though/whether/wh
13、en+形容词 Work hard when (you are) young, or you will regret . 3).连词whether /as if /while+介词短语 He looks everywhere as if (he was) looking for something.,4)连词when/while/though+现在分词 While (I was )walking in the street, I heard my name called . 5).连词when/if/even if/unless/once/until/than/as+过去分词 The exhib
14、ition is more interesting than( it was) expected. 6).连词as if/as though +不定式 He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak. 当状语从句的主语为it ,谓语动词含有be时，可以省略状语从句的主语和谓语be，常见结构为: 连词if/unless/when/whenever+形容词 Unless( it is) necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary.,7)if+ so/not省略句式， so/not 代替上文内容 Get
15、 up early tomorrow morning, if not (you dont get up early), you will miss the bus. 练习：补充省略部分 1) When in trouble , I always turn to her for help. 2) Errors , if any, should be corrected. 3）He seldom goes to the cinema, if ever.,I am,there is,he has ever been,4) Wood gives much smoke while burning. 5)
16、 The letter is to be left here until called for . 6) Henry stopped walking as if to wait for her 7) You must eat it when fresh.,wood is,it is,he was,it is,2、 比较状语从句的省略 1) 以as, than 引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。 如：He got up early as usual (he did). After half an hour, she became quieter (than she had been). He studies as hard as you (study). 2）在“the + 比较级. , the +比较级 “ 的句型中, 当谓语是be 动词时 , 而
