分词的高考重点解析幻灯片

上传人:E**** 文档编号:89882491 上传时间:2019-06-03 格式:PPT 页数:20 大小:246KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
分词的高考重点解析幻灯片_第1页
第1页 / 共20页
分词的高考重点解析幻灯片_第2页
第2页 / 共20页
分词的高考重点解析幻灯片_第3页
第3页 / 共20页
分词的高考重点解析幻灯片_第4页
第4页 / 共20页
分词的高考重点解析幻灯片_第5页
第5页 / 共20页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《分词的高考重点解析幻灯片》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《分词的高考重点解析幻灯片(20页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、分词,分词是动词的一种非限定形式,兼有名词、动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰,有时还有自己的逻辑主语等。分词有两种:V-ed和V-ing,其中V-ing又分为现在分词和动名词两种。 (一)现在分词的时态和语态,注意:过去分词只有一般式,没有完成式,其否定式在其前面加not,即not v-ed。 1、现在分词一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或正在进行的行为;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。 (1 ) Hearing the exciting news,the boy jumped for joy. (2) Having lived there for 3

2、years ,he knows the way very well. (3) Having finished all the work,he left for home.,2 、当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时,分词用被动语态,如果要强调分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生,就要用分词完成式的被动形式。 (1)The question being discussed is very important. (2) Having been criticized by his wife,he gave up smoking. 3、过去分词表示在谓语动词的动作之前发生的动作,本身有被动的含义,故只有一般

3、式。 (1) Not treated in time, the injured woman died soon. (2) Greatly encouraged, we made up our mind to carry on the hard work.,(二)分词的句法功能:分词(不含动名词)在句中可作状语、定语、表语和补足语 1 、作状语 (1)(Live) far from my school, I have to get up early every morning. (2) I stood by the door ,_ (not dare) to say a word. (3)_(g

4、ive) more time and money,we would have done the work better. (4) _(follow) by a wolf dog ,the hunter walked slowly in the forest. (5)The fire lasted nearly a month,_(leave) nothing valuable.,Living,not daring,Given,Followed,leaving,【温馨提示】分词作状语,须看分词与其逻辑主语(即句子的主语)之间的关系,若主谓关系成立,则用现在分词,若动宾关系成立,则用过去分词。 此

5、外,要注意分词作状语与状语从句之间的转化关系。你能把上面的(1)、(3)、(5)句中的分词转化成状语从句吗? 【比较】 (1) She fell off the bike, breaking her left leg. (2) I woke up in the moring, to find the outside world greatly changed. 【温馨提示】不定式做结果状语,往往表示出乎意料之外的结果,而现在分词做结果状语,往往与主句有因果关系,主句表原因,分词表结果。,【特别呈现】(1)Generally _(speak), girls are more interested

6、 in literature than boys. (2)_(Judge) from her accent ,she must come from Australia. 【温馨提示】有些惯用的V-ing形式在句子里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句,表明说话者的态度、观点等。我们称这种成分为评论性状语或评注性状语。当它们 位于句首作状语时,不考虑其与句子主语之间的关系。有:generally speaking一般来说 strictly speaking严格来说 roughly speaking大致来说 broadly speaking 广义上说 narrowl

7、y speaking 狭义上说 judging from / by,speaking,Judging,由判断 considering 考虑到 supposing / providing 如果 given 考虑到 【经典回顾】(1)_ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. NMET 96 A losing B Having C Lost D To lose (2) in red,the girl looks more beautiful. A Dressing B Having dressed C Dressed D To

8、be dressed (3)_ at the news,he stood there without a word. A surprising B surprised C Having surprised D To surprise,C,C,B,【温馨提示】有些貌似过去分词而实际上已转化成形容词,他们不再表示被动意义仅仅用来说明某种状态。常见的有:pleased,delighted,excited,moved,satisfied, interested,relaxed,surprised,astonished, puzzled,frightened,terrified,disappointed

9、 discouraged,tired,worried,dressed (in), lost in(迷失于)seated,determined,crowded,heated(热烈的) 等。记住他们喔!,2、 作定语 单个分词作定语时,常放在被修饰词之前,分词短语作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之后。 (1) I bought some painted chairs. (2) Do you know the man sitting there? (3) The meeting being held now is of great importance. 【另类经典】(1) The girl having

10、 won the race is my deskmate.( ) (2) The meeting having been held yesterday is of great importance.( ),x,x,【特别提示】现在分词的完成式一般不作定语,若要表达完成意义应该用定语从句;但非限制性的完成式作定语或所修饰的词表示泛指意义,偶尔也可用现在分词的完成式作定语。 (1) Charlie, having lived in Paris for years, decided to return to London. 在巴黎待过多年,查理决定重返伦敦。 (2) Anyone having pa

11、ssed the test has got a prize.任何通过考试的人,都能得到一份奖品。 【温馨提示】此外,还要注意分词作定语与定语从句之间的相互转换关系吆!,【现在分词和动名词作定语的区别】你能看出下列V-ing作定语的不同吗? (1) a sleeping boy (2) a sleeping car (3) a flying bird (4) flying time (5) working people (6) a working plan (7) running water (8) a walking stick (1),(3),(5),(7)为现在分词 【特别提示】现在分词与

12、所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系;而动名词用来说明被修饰的名词的用途或类别。比较一下看,是不是如此呢?,3、 作表语:分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。 (1) What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令人鼓舞。 (2) The shops have remained shut for a week. 这些商店关门一周了。 (3)Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.大部分中学生对流行音乐和NBA明星感兴趣。 (4) The spee

13、ch you delivered is very interesting and encouraging. 你的演讲很有趣且很鼓舞人。,【温馨提示】要注意系表结构与被动语态的区别以及V-ing形容词与V-ed形容词的用法区别。此外,有些表示位置移动的不及物动词的V-ed形式也可以作表语,表状态。如: (1) Spring is gone and Summer is come. 春天去了,夏天来了。 (2) The sun is already set.太阳已经下山了。 4 、作宾语补足语 现在分词可以在表示感官和心理状态的动词后面,如:see ,hear,watch,feel,smell,lo

14、ok at,listen to,observe, Find等,以及have,get,leave,keep,set,send等使役动词后面作宾补。而过去分词作宾补,说明宾语的性质或状态,此时它前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语。,(1) We saw the teacher making the experiment. (2) Parents should learn to keep their children most often using their mind. 父母们应当学会让自己的孩子开动脑筋。 (3) If you want to make yourself respected,you ar

15、e above all to respect others. 如果你想让自己被尊重,你必须先尊重别人 (4) I found myself lost and couldnt sense the right direction. 我发现自己迷路了,不能变别出正确方向。,【特别提示】在上述表示感官和心理状态的动词后,既可用现在分词构成复合宾语,也可用不定式(不带to)构成复合宾语,但两者的含义有差别。用V-ing表示动作正在发生(即处于发生的过程中,还没有结束);用不定式表示动作发生了(即动作全过程结束了)。 【比较】: (1) I saw the girl getting on the tractor. 我看到那个女孩正在上拖拉机。 (2) I saw the girl get on the tractor and drive off. 我看到那个女孩上了拖拉机,然后开走了。,【经典呈现 强化训练】 (1) While watching television,_. A the doorbell ring B the doorbell rings C he heard the doorbell rings D he heard the doorbell ring (2) Having been attacked by the terrorists,_. A doctors ca

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 高等教育 > 大学课件

电脑版 |金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号