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1、 38Design and implementation of Curtain Wall System Johnny Choi Permasteelisa Hong Kong Limited PERMASTEELISA GROUPBYMr. Johnny Choi 21st April 2006Curtain Wall PresentationFor Hong Kong Institute of Steel ConstructionCurtain Wall Technologies & SystemsFirst Generation“Stick Wall System”z Curtain Wa
2、ll members are fixed piece by piecez Vertical members are usual installed 1st, which span from slab to slabz Horizontal transom members in turn are fixed to mullionsz Finally glass / granite / aluminium panels would be fixedAdvantages (of Stick Wall System)z Great Flexibilityz Site Modification is p
3、ossiblez Difficulties in quality controlz Relies heavily on site workmanshipz Requires different trades menz Difficult to accommodate building movementsz Impossible to control water drainage to individual floorz Requires external access (scaffolding / gondolas)z Too many loose parts and component on
4、 sitez More storage space and longer storage time on site DisadvantagesCommon problems inherent the 1st Generation C/Wall Water penetration Poor acoustic and thermal insulationDeterioration of expansion joints and sealant joint2ndGeneration“Unitized Curtain Wall System”z Pressure Equalization System
5、z Unitized Panel SystemsPressure Equalization System“ Based on a simple physical principle that in equalized pressure conditions, water is heavier than air & therefore falls under gravity”.3 Aspects must occur for water to penetrate a building1. Water2. Holes3. Differential Pressure (or condensation
6、 / capillary action)z By eliminating one of the above conditions, the leak will not occur.Pressure Equalization Systemz The 1st Factor (Water) is impossible to eliminatez For many years, many C / Wall companies have tried the 2nd factor (closing all the holes) - including todayz This proved difficul
7、t to achievez The 3rd factor (to address the differential pressure) became feasible by adopting the principle of Pressure EqualizationPrinciple of “Pressure Equalization”z Eliminate Pressure difference at level of Jointz Ensures Internal Joint is never in contact with waterz Therefore small gaps in
8、sealant / gaskets will not produce water leaks but only small air losses when windy.The Principle is simple & efficient:Unitized Curtain wall Systemz Units are assembled & glazed in factoryz Usually all components are included within the unitsz Panels are packed on metal or timber palletsz Transport
9、ed to site by semi trailersz Hoisted to required floor level by tower cranez Site installation teams shall install individual panels to designated areas (using a monorail or mobile floor crane)Unitized Curtain wall SystemHas several advantages:z Units are assembled & glazed under controlled shop con
10、ditions.z Full pressure equalization drainage system at each floorz Accommodates building movementsz Minimizes site operationsz Usually does not require external accessz Shortens Construction Durationz Enables other subsequent internal trades to commence works much earlier.3rdGeneration z Improvemen
11、ts of Techniquesz Diversification of its usez Speed of communication which resulted in globalized productsz Products which draw from experiences worldwidez The third generation is marked by innovations and solutions.Innovations & Solutions:z Innovative production linesz Improved pressure equalizatio
12、n panel systemsz Improved Thermal & Accoustic Propertiesz Some notable improved materials- Structure Sealants- Structural adhesives (Light composite panels)- Performance Glass- Aluminium Finishes / Coatings3rdGenerationStructural Sealant & Applicationz 4 sided structural glazing, &z 2 sided structur
13、al glazingBasically there are 2 types of structural sealant applications:2 sides structural glazing vertical bead 2 sides structural glazing horizontal bead4 sides structural glazing 4 sides captive glazingOne unitOne unitone unitSealant width (bite) often determines the width of a mullion e.g. WL =
14、 3.5 kPa x 1.4 = 4.9 kPa C/W modulation 1500mm WL x short span (mm) Sealant Bite = 138 (Design Strength of Sealant) 4.9kPa x (1500mm) e.g. = 138 Sealant bite = 26.6mm say 27mm Please also note width of double side tape shall be added to this figure (which is usually 6mm - 10mm).Structural Sealants &
15、 Applicationz Dow Corningz General ElectricFor technical information relating to structural sealant products, we recommend contacting these reputable suppliers:Performance Glassz There is a wide range of glass available on the market which varying performances considerably based on:- Reflective Coat
16、ings- Low Emission coatings (Low E)- pyrolytic coatings (hard coating)- sputtered low emissivity (soft coating)z Type of glass treatment- Anneal glass direct from float line- Heat Strenghtened Glass - Tempered Glass Performance Glassz Recommend contacting major glass suppliers direct for specific individual needs & performances.z Some reputable glass manufactures- Viracon-Glavabel- Pilkington- Chi
