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1、英语主谓一致一般说来，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致。 一、语法上一致 1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。 Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod ones head means agreement. What they said is true. 2 and连接主语时，注意以下几点： 1）由and, bothand 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连
2、接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2) 凡是由eachand each,everyand every ,noand no, many a andmany a连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.No boy and no gir
3、l doesnt go to school at the age of seven in this village. 3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时，谓语用复数。Good and bad meat in the market are sold out. 4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时，谓语用单数。Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain. 5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。The
4、professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio.The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man. 6)由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时，谓语的单复数与第一个名词一致。The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present. 7)What 从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式常用复数，缩略式常用单数。What he says and what he thinks ha
5、ve nothing to do with me. What I say and do is my own affair. 8) 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时，根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。When and where to build the new factory _yet.(MET1991)A is not decided B are not decidedC has not decided D have not decided 3 主语+介词（短语）：with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, mor
6、e than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时，谓语以介词（短语）前的主语为准， 不受介词后的名词影响。The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV.The girls as well as the teacher are dancing.考例：1）E-mail, as well as telephones,_ an important role in our daily life(1999上海)A playing B play C p
7、laysD have played 2) A library with five thousand books_ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990)A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered 4 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, ne
8、ither等作主语时，谓语用单数，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。There is nothing wrong with the machine.Either of the shirts fits me very well.None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 5 many a (an) +名词和more than one +名词做主语时谓语用单数。Many an apple is in the basket. More than one stamp has been collected by her. 6 在四则运算中谓语单复数均可。Thre
9、e and four is (are) seven. Two times ten is (are) twenty. 7 当kind of, pair of, type of等做主语时，谓语与of 前的kind, pair, type等保持一致。如：This pair of trousers fits you. The kind of the apple tastes delicious. 8 当a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等短语作主语时，谓语与of后的保持一致。There are plenty of eggs in the basket. Lots of meat
10、 has been sold out.考例：As a result of destroying the forests, a large_ of desert_ covered the land.(2001上海)A number, has B quantity, has C number, have D quantity, have 9 当分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语与后面的名词保持一致。Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.70 percent of people have known about
11、the truth.考例：_ of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass.(2000上海)A Two fifth, isB Two fifth, areC Two fifth, is D Two fifths, are 10 在one of +复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词作主语引导定语从句时，谓语根据先行词来判断，若是one of结构，定语从句用复数，若是the(only) one of结构，定语从句用单数。Zhou xia is one of the girls who like hiking. Tian lili
12、is the only one of the girls who has passed the exam.考例：He is the only of the students who_ a winner of scholarship for three years.(2002上海)A is B areC have been D has been 11 “a number of+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，”the number of +复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。The number of books is no more than 100, but a number of th
13、em is of little use.考例：the number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _absent for different reasons.(NMET 1996)A were , was B was, wasC was , were, D were, were 二、意义上一致 1 当表示时间，距离，价格、度量等的名词作主语时谓语用单数。 Ten years is quite a long time. 2 当“the+形容词（过去分词）”指一类人作主语时，谓语用复数。指个人或抽象概念时，谓语用单数。 The ri
14、ch live a happy life, while the poor live a hard life. The wounded is our captain. 3 当maths(mathematics), politics, physics等学科名词作主语时，谓语用单数，但前有物主代词修饰指某人的某方面时，谓语用复数。 Maths is difficult to learn. His physics are poor. 4 用作书名、剧名、报名、国名、地区名称的复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting book. T
15、he United States is a developed country. 5 如果名词词组的中心词是all, most, half, rest, part等词语，表示的是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。（单独all作主语，指人用复数，指物用单数）。 All of the rubbish was cleared away. All of the classmates have passed the examination. 6 当集合名词 family, class, army, group, team, enemy, government, public, couple等作主语时，如果主语看作一个整体，谓语用单数，如果看作其中的成员（个体时）谓语用复数。 Class 3 are unable to agree on the plan. His family has just m
