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1、写作 学习扩写,了解扩写的一般技巧，学会扩写。 展开联想和想象，练习发散思维，大胆创造，丰富文章内容。 学会锤炼自己的语言，让作品更生动、精彩。,学习目标,技法点拨,什么是扩写？,扩写就是将本来较为简略、概括的文章或片段加以扩展、补充，使之成为篇幅更长、内容更充实的文章。,1.忠于原文 扩写时要准确理解原文的中心思想， 把握原文的主要内容，遵循原文的体裁，在此基 础上发散思维，大胆创造。 2.找准扩写点 一篇文章里，并不是每句话、每 段文字都需要扩写。扩写时要根据表达中心的需 要，选择、确定适合的点，有针对性地进行扩写。,技法点拨,扩写的基本要求,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
2、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
3、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.展开想象 根据确定的扩点和方向，积极展开
4、大胆、丰富、有创造性的想象，如增加对原文中 人物的神态、动作、语言、心理等细节描写，丰 富文章内容，使人物生动传神。,技法点拨,扩写的基本要求,4.修改成文 初稿写成后，要反复朗读，特别 注意文章内容的一致和连贯。人称和语气要保 持前后一致，情节的发展或论述的推进要合乎 逻辑，要有必要的过渡，增添的细节要和全文 相协调等等，最后修改成文。,技法点拨,扩写的基本要求,不同体裁的文章，扩写的着重点不同： （1）记叙性文章。扩写时应忠于原文的中心思 想和人物形象，在此基础上补充情节和细 节，增加对人物、环境的描写等。,技法点拨,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
5、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
6、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,（2）说明性文章。扩写时要忠于原文的说明对象， 在此基础上补充材料，运用
7、多种说明方法， 丰富对说明对象的介绍。 （3）议论性文章。扩写时要忠于原文的观点，在 此基础上进一步补充论据，阐释观点。,技法点拨,文题展示,一、学习完本单元的诗歌，一名同学总结了自己对 诗歌的认识，写了下面这句话。回顾读过的诗 歌，从中选择几首作为例子，将这句话扩写一 段话。不少于300字。,诗歌是一种很特别的文学体裁，有三个突出特点：一是用意象来表达情感，二是语言凝练，三是讲究节奏和韵律。,扩句成段时要先为三个突出特点举例，针对三个特点，各举一两个恰当的例子，然后围绕对应的特点，对每个例子作具体的分析。,写作要求,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
8、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
9、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,文题展示,二、阅读下面的材料，将其扩写成一篇具体、生动 的文章，题目自拟。不
10、少于600字。,春秋时期，晋公子重耳和他的随从在逃难途中，经过卫国，卫文公没有以礼相待。他们从五鹿经过，向乡下人讨饭吃，乡下人给他们土块。重耳大怒，想要用鞭子打那个人。狐偃劝他说：“这是上天赏赐的土地呀！”重耳于是磕头致谢，收下土块，装在车上。,扩写故事时要先仔细体会，明确故事内涵，确定中心思想。然后围绕中心找准扩写点，发挥想象，增加必要的环境描写、场面描写、语言描写、心理描写等，力求生动。写作时最好列一个扩写提纲，根据提纲下笔。,写作要求,文题展示,三、阅读下面的语段，深入思考，将其扩写成一篇议论 性文章，题目自拟。不少于600字。,“苟有恒，何必三更眠五更起；最无益，莫过一日曝十日寒。”这
11、是明代学者胡居仁撰写的对联，意在勉励自己：做事情贵在持之以恒。持之以恒，就要注重平日积累，而非临时抱佛脚。持之以恒，就要注意坚持不懈，而非一曝十寒。古今中外很多事例都告诉我们，做事情有恒心方能成功。我们在求学、成长的路途上，也应持之以恒。,扩写议论性的文章时要先阅读给定的材料，明确材料论述的观点是什么，然后补充相关的论据，增加相关的事实或道理论据，证明观点。在方法上，要选择恰当的论证方式；在结构上，也要灵活处理，力求写得精彩。,写作要求,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
12、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
13、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,文题一,诗歌是一种很特别的文学体裁，毛诗大序记载：“诗者，志之所之也。在心为志，发言为诗。”南宋严羽沧浪诗话云：“诗者，吟咏性情也。”它有三个突出特点：,补充
14、对诗歌这种文学体裁的解释；引用名言，增添文章的底蕴，彰显文化气息。,写作例文,一是用意象来表达情感。这一点舒婷的祖国啊，我亲爱的祖国一诗就表现得相当突出。诗中作者选取“破旧的老水车”“熏黑的矿灯”“干瘪的稻穗”“失修的路基”“淤滩上的驳船”等意象，来象征祖国落后的经济、落后的文化和多年蒙受的苦难，同时也展现了在灾难中艰难挣扎、缓慢前行的祖国的形象。正是通过这些意象，诗人抒发了与,祖国血肉相连、荣辱与共的感情，表达了强烈的爱国之情和历史责任感。因此，阅读诗歌，抓住意象，往往就能找到打开诗歌情感大门的钥匙。 二是语言凝练。诗歌是最凝练的语言，特别是古代的诗歌，是很讲究字词的锤炼的，这一方面贾岛的“
15、推敲”就,增加事例，用舒婷的诗歌说明如何用意象表达情感，使说明更具体，内容更充实。,是明显的例子。现当代诗歌，一般不再有字数限制，但诗歌的语言一定比一般的口语和散文语言更凝练，更含蓄。比如贺敬之的放声歌唱是一首气势澎湃的长诗，就是在这样一泻千里的抒情中，作者的用墨也是极经济的： “五月麦浪。 八月海浪。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
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