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1、Unit9 Safety Airbag and Seatbelt System,Part I Technical and Practical Reading,Passage A Safety Airbag,When a car crashes, the force required to stop an object is very great because the cars momentum has changed instantly while the passengers has not there is not much time to work with. The goal of
2、the supplemental restraint system (SRS) is to help stop the passenger while doing as little damage to him as possible. SRS includes safety airbag and safety belt. See figure 9-1.,Figure 9-1 Safety Airbag,As a matter of fact, airbags are designed to keep your head, neck, and chest from slamming again
3、st the dashboard, steering wheel or windshield in a front-end crash. An airbag is an inflatable cushion, containing air or some other gas. Airbags are most commonly used for cushioning, in particular after very rapid inflation in the case of an automobile collision. See figure 9-2.,Figure 9-2,The ai
4、rbag system consists of three basic parts: an airbag module, crash sensors and a diagnostic unit. 1. The driver airbag module is folded into the steering wheel, and the passenger airbag module is located in the dashboard or, more recently, in the seat or door.,An airbag module has three main parts:
5、the airbag, the inflator, and the propellant. The bag itself is made of a thin, nylon fabric.,The inflator is made from either stainless steel or cast aluminum. The inflator fits into a module with a woven nylon bag and a break-away plastic horn pad cover. See figure 9-3.,Figure 9-3 Inflator,The mod
6、ule, in turn, fits into the steering wheel for drivers-side applications and above the glove compartment for front passenger applications. The propellant is primarily sodium azide combined with an oxidizer and is typically located inside the inflator. See figure 9-4.,Figure 9-4 Air Bag Inflation Dev
7、ice,2. The sensor is the device that tells the bag to inflate. Vehicles can have one or more crash sensors. They are located either in the front of the vehicle and /or in the passenger compartment.,The sensors are typically activated by forces generated in significant frontal or near-frontal crashes
8、. See figure 9-5.,Figure 9-5 Crash Sensor,3. The diagnostic unit monitors the readiness of the airbag system. The unit is activated when the vehicles ignition is turned on. If the unit identifies a problem, a warning light alerts the driver to take the vehicle for examination of the airbag system.,M
9、ost diagnostic units contain a device that stores enough electrical energy to deploy the airbag if the vehicles battery is destroyed very early in a crash sequence.,In a frontal collision equivalent to hitting a solid barrier at 14.48 kilometers per hour, the crash sensors located in the front of th
10、e car detect the sudden deceleration and send an electrical signal activating an igniter.,Like a light bulb, an igniter contains a thin wire that heats up and penetrates the propellant chamber. This causes the solid chemical propellant, principally sodium azide, sealed inside the inflator to undergo
11、 a rapid chemical reaction.,This controlled reaction produces harmless nitrogen gas that fills the airbag. The expanding nitrogen gas inflates the nylon bag in less than one-twentieth of a second, splitting open its plastic module cover and inflating in front of the passenger. As the passenger conta
12、cts the bag, the nitrogen gas is vented through openings in the back of the bag.,The bag is fully inflated for only one-tenth of a second and is nearly deflated by three-tenths of a second after impact. Talcum powder is used to line the inside of the airbag and is released from the airbag as it is o
13、pened. But airbags are not designed to activate during sudden braking or while driving on rough or uneven surfaces. See figure 9-6.,Figure 9-6,New Words,airbag bg n. 安全气囊 crash kr n. 猛撞，撞车 instantly instntli ad. 立即地，即刻地 supplemental splimentl a. 补充的，增补的 restraint ristreint n. 抑制，克制，束缚 slam slm v. 猛然
14、关上，猛烈抨击 dashboard d7b:d n. （汽车上的）仪表盘,windshield windi:ld n. 挡风玻璃 inflatable infleitbl a. 可充气的 cushion kun n. 垫子，靠垫，坐垫 cushioning 5kuni n. 缓冲，缓冲器 inflation inflein n. 膨胀，通胀 collision klin n. 碰撞，冲突 diagnostic daignstik a. 诊断的,fold fuld v. 折叠 inflator infleit(r) n. 增压泵，气泵 propellant prpelnt n.（安全气囊）气体发
15、生剂，推进剂 nylon nailn n. 尼龙 fabric fbrik n. 织物，布,sodium sudjm n. 钠 oxidizer ksidaiz(r) n. 氧化剂 activate ktiveit v. 激活，使活动 readiness redinis n. 预备，准备 identify aidentifai v. 识别，认明，鉴定 deploy dipli v. 展开,sequence si:kwns n. 序列，继起的事，顺序 penetrate penitreit v. 穿透，渗透 undergo 7ndgu v. 遭受，经历，忍受 harmless h:mlis a. 无害的 nitrogen naitrn n. 氮气 splitting spliti a. 爆裂式的 barrier bri n. 屏障，障碍物 deceleration di:7selrein n. 减速，减速度,vent vent n. 排气口 v. 发泄 impact impkt n. 冲击，碰撞 talcum tlkm n. 滑石 powder paud n. 粉，粉末 uneven ni:vn a. 不平顺的，不均匀的,Phrases and Expressions,supplemental restraint system (SRS) 辅助乘客保护系统 airbag
