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1、The table below shows the amount of waste production (in millions of tones) in six different countries over a twenty-year period.The chart compares the amounts of waste that were produced in six countries in the years 1980, 1990 and 2000.In each of these years, the US produced more waste than Irelan
2、d, Japan, Korea, Poland and Portugal combined. It is also noticeable that Korea was the only country that managed to reduce its waste output by the year 2000.Between 1980 and 2000, waste production in the US rose from 131 to 192 million tones, and rising trends were also seen in Japan, Poland and Po
3、rtugal. Japans waste output increased from 28 to 53 million tones, while Poland and Portugal saw waste totals increase from 4 to 6.6 and from 2 to 5 million tones respectively.The trends for Ireland and Korea were noticeably different from those described above. In Ireland, waste production increase
4、d more than eightfold, from only 0.6 million tones in 1980 to 5 million tones in 2000. Korea, by contrast, cut its waste output by 12 million tones between 1990 and 2000.The diagrams compare two different methods of defence for homes which are at risk of being flooded.The key difference between the
5、diagrams is that they show flood protection with and without a stopbank. In either case, the at-risk home is raised on stilts above ground level.The first diagram shows how a stopbank acts as a flood barrier to stop river water from flooding homes. The stopbank is a small mound of land next to the r
6、iver that is higher than the 100-year flood level, and prevents the river from bursting its banks. Nearby houses can be built on stilts to prevent flooding from rainwater, and a floodgate beneath the stopbank can be opened to allow this ponding to drain off into the river.When there is no stopbank,
7、as shown in the second diagram, there will be nothing to stop the river from flooding. In this case, the solution is to put buildings on stilts. The height of the stilts is measured so that the floor of the house is 300mm above the 100-year flood level. This measurement is called the freeboard. The
8、diagrams compare two different methods of defence for homes which are at risk of being flooded.The key difference between the diagrams is that they show flood protection with and without a stopbank. In either case, the at-risk home is raised on stilts above ground level.The first diagram shows how a
9、 stopbank acts as a flood barrier to stop river water from flooding homes. The stopbank is a small mound of land next to the river that is higher than the 100-year flood level, and prevents the river from bursting its banks. Nearby houses can be built on stilts to prevent flooding from rainwater, an
10、d a floodgate beneath the stopbank can be opened to allow this ponding to drain off into the river.When there is no stopbank, as shown in the second diagram, there will be nothing to stop the river from flooding. In this case, the solution is to put buildings on stilts. The height of the stilts is m
11、easured so that the floor of the house is 300mm above the 100-year flood level. This measurement is called the freeboard.The graph below shows changes in young adult unemployment rates in England between 1993 and 2012.Introduction and overview paragraphs:The line graph compares levels of unemploymen
12、t among 16 to 24-year-olds with overall unemployment figures over a period of 20 years in England.It is clear that the proportion of young adults who were unemployed at any time between 1993 and 2012 was significantly higher than the overall proportion of adults without work. Unemployment rates for
13、both groups of adults were consistently higher in London than in the rest of England.The table below shows changes in the numbers of residents cycling to work in different areas of the UK between 2001 and 2011.The table compares the numbers of people who cycled to work in twelve areas of the UK in t
14、he years 2001 and 2011.Overall, the number of UK commuters who travelled to work by bicycle rose considerably over the 10-year period. Inner London had by far the highest number of cycling commuters in both years.In 2001, well over 43 thousand residents of inner London commuted by bicycle, and this
15、figure rose to more than 106 thousand in 2011, an increase of 144%. By contrast, although outer London had the second highest number of cycling commuters in each year, the percentage change, at only 45%, was the lowest of the twelve areas shown in the table.Brighton and Hove saw the second biggest i
16、ncrease (109%) in the number of residents cycling to work, but Bristol was the UKs second city in terms of total numbers of cycling commuters, with 8,108 in 2001 and 15,768 in 2011. Figures for the other eight areas were below the 10 thousand mark in both years.The diagram below shows how solar panels can be used to provide electricity for domestic use.The picture illustrates the process of producing el
